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India river dispute ruling issued | |
(20 minutes later) | |
A tribunal set up 17 years ago to decide on a dispute over sharing water from the Cauvery river in southern India has announced its verdict. | A tribunal set up 17 years ago to decide on a dispute over sharing water from the Cauvery river in southern India has announced its verdict. |
Tamil Nadu state is to get 419bn cubic feet of water a year. Karnataka will get 270bn - less than half of what it says it needs. | |
The dispute is more than 100 years old. Karnataka has said that it will appeal against Monday's decision. | The dispute is more than 100 years old. Karnataka has said that it will appeal against Monday's decision. |
Kerala state is to get 30bn cubic feet and Pondicherry will get 7bn. | |
Security forces in Bangalore, the capital of Karnataka, have been put on high alert to prevent a repetition of anti-Tamil rioting after a 1991 panel verdict that left 18 dead. | |
Karnataka and Tamil Nadu have both argued that they need the water for millions of farmers in the region. | |
The Indian constitution defines the Cauvery as an 'interstate' river. | The Indian constitution defines the Cauvery as an 'interstate' river. |
It originates in Karnataka, flows through Tamil Nadu, and parts of Kerala and Pondicherry. | It originates in Karnataka, flows through Tamil Nadu, and parts of Kerala and Pondicherry. |
The dispute over its waters originated in the 19th Century during the British rule between the then Madras presidency (modern day Tamil Nadu) and the province of Mysore (now Karnataka). | The dispute over its waters originated in the 19th Century during the British rule between the then Madras presidency (modern day Tamil Nadu) and the province of Mysore (now Karnataka). |
Ensuring peace | Ensuring peace |
Bangalore police made at least 700 preventive arrests before Monday's verdict was announced. | |
Violence in Bangalore after the panel's 1991 verdict | Violence in Bangalore after the panel's 1991 verdict |
More than 16,000 police have been deployed to ensure peace. | More than 16,000 police have been deployed to ensure peace. |
Bangalore is the technology hub of India and is home to a large number of Indian and foreign multi-nationals. | Bangalore is the technology hub of India and is home to a large number of Indian and foreign multi-nationals. |
Bangalore Police Commissioner Achyut Rao told the BBC that hundreds of people have been taken into custody as part of the security measures to prevent a repeat of the 1991 riots. | Bangalore Police Commissioner Achyut Rao told the BBC that hundreds of people have been taken into custody as part of the security measures to prevent a repeat of the 1991 riots. |
"We have issued instructions to deal with any law and order situation sternly," Mr Rao said. | "We have issued instructions to deal with any law and order situation sternly," Mr Rao said. |
Bus services between the two states have been suspended as a precautionary measure and many schools and colleges across Bangalore have been shut. | Bus services between the two states have been suspended as a precautionary measure and many schools and colleges across Bangalore have been shut. |
'Threat perception' | 'Threat perception' |
Karnataka Chief Minister HD Kumaraswamy held an all-party meeting and called for peace in the event of the tribunal order going against the state. | Karnataka Chief Minister HD Kumaraswamy held an all-party meeting and called for peace in the event of the tribunal order going against the state. |
The Karnataka Tamils' Federation - which represents the minority Tamil community - has written to President APJ Abdul Kalam, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and local officials asking for security for Tamils living in Bangalore and other parts of the Cauvery river basin. | The Karnataka Tamils' Federation - which represents the minority Tamil community - has written to President APJ Abdul Kalam, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and local officials asking for security for Tamils living in Bangalore and other parts of the Cauvery river basin. |
Federation president AP Shanmuga Sundaram said Tamils were wary of a backlash if the order went in favour of Tamil Nadu. | Federation president AP Shanmuga Sundaram said Tamils were wary of a backlash if the order went in favour of Tamil Nadu. |
The Cauvery river water tribunal was set up in 1990 after the failure of several rounds of talks between the two states. | The Cauvery river water tribunal was set up in 1990 after the failure of several rounds of talks between the two states. |
Dozens of meetings have been held to find a settlement of the century-old dispute. | Dozens of meetings have been held to find a settlement of the century-old dispute. |