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| Ottawa Shooting Is Latest in a Series of Incidents | |
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| Canadian authorities identified the gunman in Wednesday’s deadly shooting of a soldier guarding the National War Memorial in Ottawa as Michael Zehaf-Bibeau, a Canadian born in 1982. Mr. Zehaf-Bibeau, who had a criminal record, recently converted to Islam, senior American law enforcement officials said. He was shot and killed in the attack. | Canadian authorities identified the gunman in Wednesday’s deadly shooting of a soldier guarding the National War Memorial in Ottawa as Michael Zehaf-Bibeau, a Canadian born in 1982. Mr. Zehaf-Bibeau, who had a criminal record, recently converted to Islam, senior American law enforcement officials said. He was shot and killed in the attack. |
| The episode was the second deadly assault on a uniformed member of Canada’s armed forces in three days, and the latest in a growing list of attacks in the West against soldiers, and in some cases civilians, by individuals who have professed their affinity for radical Islam or sympathy to militant ideology. | The episode was the second deadly assault on a uniformed member of Canada’s armed forces in three days, and the latest in a growing list of attacks in the West against soldiers, and in some cases civilians, by individuals who have professed their affinity for radical Islam or sympathy to militant ideology. |
| Oct. 20, 2014: Hit-and-Run Kills Canadian Soldier | Oct. 20, 2014: Hit-and-Run Kills Canadian Soldier |
| Martin Rouleau-Couture, the owner of a small power-washing business, drove his car into two Canadian soldiers, killing one of them, at a strip mall in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec. The authorities suggested it was a terrorist attack, but little had emerged about the motives of Mr. Rouleau, who converted to Islam last year. | Martin Rouleau-Couture, the owner of a small power-washing business, drove his car into two Canadian soldiers, killing one of them, at a strip mall in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec. The authorities suggested it was a terrorist attack, but little had emerged about the motives of Mr. Rouleau, who converted to Islam last year. |
| Mr. Rouleau’s Facebook postings had extolled Islamic State violence, expressed anti-Semitic sentiments and denigrated Christianity. His family became increasingly concerned about his possible radicalization and contacted the police and the imam at the mosque where Mr. Rouleau prayed. He was fatally shot by the police during the attack. | Mr. Rouleau’s Facebook postings had extolled Islamic State violence, expressed anti-Semitic sentiments and denigrated Christianity. His family became increasingly concerned about his possible radicalization and contacted the police and the imam at the mosque where Mr. Rouleau prayed. He was fatally shot by the police during the attack. |
| The Royal Canadian Mounted Police told NBC News that Mr. Rouleau was “one of the 90 individuals the government had already announced it was monitoring.” | The Royal Canadian Mounted Police told NBC News that Mr. Rouleau was “one of the 90 individuals the government had already announced it was monitoring.” |
| Sept. 25, 2014: Woman Is Beheaded in Oklahoma | Sept. 25, 2014: Woman Is Beheaded in Oklahoma |
| A man beheaded a co-worker and stabbed another employee at a food processing plant in Oklahoma before he was shot and wounded by a company executive. The suspect was identified as Alton Nolen. Mr. Nolen, who has a criminal history, had just been fired from the company, Vaughan Foods, and “he recently started trying to convert some of his co-workers to the Muslim religion,” said Jeremy Lewis, a spokesman for the police in Moore, Okla. | A man beheaded a co-worker and stabbed another employee at a food processing plant in Oklahoma before he was shot and wounded by a company executive. The suspect was identified as Alton Nolen. Mr. Nolen, who has a criminal history, had just been fired from the company, Vaughan Foods, and “he recently started trying to convert some of his co-workers to the Muslim religion,” said Jeremy Lewis, a spokesman for the police in Moore, Okla. |
| Law enforcement officials said that Mr. Nolen had recently converted to Islam, but that the F.B.I. had found no connection between him and the Islamic State or other terrorist groups. | Law enforcement officials said that Mr. Nolen had recently converted to Islam, but that the F.B.I. had found no connection between him and the Islamic State or other terrorist groups. |
| Sept. 26, 2014: ISIS Lieutenant Tries to Coordinate Attacks in Australia | Sept. 26, 2014: ISIS Lieutenant Tries to Coordinate Attacks in Australia |
| Mohammad Ali Baryalei, a former Sydney nightclub bouncer who is now an Islamic State lieutenant, made a phone call from Syria to a 22-year-old Sydney man and asked him to carry out a beheading in Australia on camera, the police said. | Mohammad Ali Baryalei, a former Sydney nightclub bouncer who is now an Islamic State lieutenant, made a phone call from Syria to a 22-year-old Sydney man and asked him to carry out a beheading in Australia on camera, the police said. |
| It is one of the few known attempts by the Islamic State to carry out a terrorist act outside the Middle East. | It is one of the few known attempts by the Islamic State to carry out a terrorist act outside the Middle East. |
| Days after the Sydney man was arrested, an 18-year-old man stabbed two counterterrorism officers outside Melbourne before one of the officers shot and killed him. The police described the man as a “known terror suspect” who had been seen carrying an Islamic State flag at a local shopping center. | Days after the Sydney man was arrested, an 18-year-old man stabbed two counterterrorism officers outside Melbourne before one of the officers shot and killed him. The police described the man as a “known terror suspect” who had been seen carrying an Islamic State flag at a local shopping center. |
| May 24, 2014: 3 Shot Dead at Jewish Museum in Brussels | May 24, 2014: 3 Shot Dead at Jewish Museum in Brussels |
| A gunman opened fire at the Jewish Museum in the center of Brussels, killing three people. A month later, French authorities arrested Mehdi Nemmouche, a 29-year-old Frenchman with a long criminal history who had traveled to Syria last year to join radical Islamist fighters there. The authorities said he was carrying an assault rifle and revolver matching the descriptions of the weapons used in the deadly shootings. | A gunman opened fire at the Jewish Museum in the center of Brussels, killing three people. A month later, French authorities arrested Mehdi Nemmouche, a 29-year-old Frenchman with a long criminal history who had traveled to Syria last year to join radical Islamist fighters there. The authorities said he was carrying an assault rifle and revolver matching the descriptions of the weapons used in the deadly shootings. |
| French and Belgian officials said evidence linked Mr. Nemmounche to the Islamic State, but it was not clear what help, if any, he might have received from them or any other group in planning and carrying out the attack in Belgium, or whether his motivation was linked to his time in Syria. | French and Belgian officials said evidence linked Mr. Nemmounche to the Islamic State, but it was not clear what help, if any, he might have received from them or any other group in planning and carrying out the attack in Belgium, or whether his motivation was linked to his time in Syria. |
| Nicolas Henin, a French journalist held hostage for months by extremists in Syria, identified Mr. Nemmouche as one of his captors from July to December 2013. He recalled Mr. Nemmouche’s violent and sadistic personality. | Nicolas Henin, a French journalist held hostage for months by extremists in Syria, identified Mr. Nemmouche as one of his captors from July to December 2013. He recalled Mr. Nemmouche’s violent and sadistic personality. |
| European officials said that the killings appeared to be the first committed in Europe by a European citizen returning from the battlefields of Syria. | European officials said that the killings appeared to be the first committed in Europe by a European citizen returning from the battlefields of Syria. |
| May 22, 2013: Attack Near Military Barracks in South London | May 22, 2013: Attack Near Military Barracks in South London |
| Two British-born converts to Islam were found guilty of murdering a British soldier, who was run over with a car on a southeast London street and then hacked with knives and a meat cleaver as closed-circuit cameras recorded parts of the grisly scene. | Two British-born converts to Islam were found guilty of murdering a British soldier, who was run over with a car on a southeast London street and then hacked with knives and a meat cleaver as closed-circuit cameras recorded parts of the grisly scene. |
| One of the two men, Michael Adebolajo, then 29, is of Nigerian descent with ties to Al Qaeda. He had been arrested by the Kenyan police on suspicion of planning to join the Shabab, an extremist group in Somalia. Two former leaders of Al Muhajiroun, an extremist group with a small following that was banned in Britain after terrorist attacks in London in 2005, told reporters that he was part of their circle. | One of the two men, Michael Adebolajo, then 29, is of Nigerian descent with ties to Al Qaeda. He had been arrested by the Kenyan police on suspicion of planning to join the Shabab, an extremist group in Somalia. Two former leaders of Al Muhajiroun, an extremist group with a small following that was banned in Britain after terrorist attacks in London in 2005, told reporters that he was part of their circle. |
| In his defense, Mr. Adebolajo called himself a “soldier of Allah” and claimed that the killing had been an act of war. | In his defense, Mr. Adebolajo called himself a “soldier of Allah” and claimed that the killing had been an act of war. |
| The path to radicalization of Mr. Adebolajo and the second attacker, Michael Adebowale, 22, also of Nigerian descent, was unclear. No evidence was found that a third party had helped plan the killing or, indeed, that anyone else had been aware of the plan, said Assistant Commissioner Cressida Dick, the head of the Metropolitan Police’s specialist operations. | The path to radicalization of Mr. Adebolajo and the second attacker, Michael Adebowale, 22, also of Nigerian descent, was unclear. No evidence was found that a third party had helped plan the killing or, indeed, that anyone else had been aware of the plan, said Assistant Commissioner Cressida Dick, the head of the Metropolitan Police’s specialist operations. |
| March 2012: Gunman Kills 7, Including 3 Soldiers, in France | March 2012: Gunman Kills 7, Including 3 Soldiers, in France |
| Mohammed Merah, a self-proclaimed member of Al Qaeda, killed three French soldiers and, later, a rabbi and three Jewish children outside a Jewish day school in southwestern France. | Mohammed Merah, a self-proclaimed member of Al Qaeda, killed three French soldiers and, later, a rabbi and three Jewish children outside a Jewish day school in southwestern France. |
| Mr. Merah, a French-Algerian dual citizen, was raised in a poor neighborhood outside Toulouse, spent time in prison and was believed to have traveled to Pakistan and Afghanistan for combat training with Islamist fighters. He claimed responsibility for the killings that spanned 10 days, officials said, after barricading himself in a small apartment building in Toulouse. He was killed after a 30-hour standoff with hundreds of police officers. Mr. Merah was known to domestic intelligence officials, having been put on a watch list several years before his killing spree. | Mr. Merah, a French-Algerian dual citizen, was raised in a poor neighborhood outside Toulouse, spent time in prison and was believed to have traveled to Pakistan and Afghanistan for combat training with Islamist fighters. He claimed responsibility for the killings that spanned 10 days, officials said, after barricading himself in a small apartment building in Toulouse. He was killed after a 30-hour standoff with hundreds of police officers. Mr. Merah was known to domestic intelligence officials, having been put on a watch list several years before his killing spree. |
| In September, three Frenchmen suspected of having joined militants in Syria turned themselves in to the French authorities after a mix-up allowed them to walk free at the Marseille airport. | In September, three Frenchmen suspected of having joined militants in Syria turned themselves in to the French authorities after a mix-up allowed them to walk free at the Marseille airport. |
| One was identified as Abdelouahab el-Baghdadi, 29, a brother-in-law of Mr. Merah. The others were Imad Jjebali, a childhood friend of Mr. Merah who was sentenced to four years in prison in 2009 on terrorism charges, and Gael Maurize, who was suspected by the French intelligence services of having links to a jihadi terrorist cell. | One was identified as Abdelouahab el-Baghdadi, 29, a brother-in-law of Mr. Merah. The others were Imad Jjebali, a childhood friend of Mr. Merah who was sentenced to four years in prison in 2009 on terrorism charges, and Gael Maurize, who was suspected by the French intelligence services of having links to a jihadi terrorist cell. |
| November 2009, July 2011 and April 2014: Fort Hood Shootings | November 2009, July 2011 and April 2014: Fort Hood Shootings |
| On Nov. 5, 2009, Maj. Nidal Malik Hasan, a United States Army psychiatrist, shot and killed 13 people and wounded 32 others at Fort Hood, Texas. An American-born Muslim of Palestinian descent, Major Hasan said he was driven by a hatred of American military action in the Muslim world and a desire to protect Taliban leaders in Afghanistan. He was sentenced to death by lethal injection. A Senate report called it the worst act of terrorism on American soil since the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks. | On Nov. 5, 2009, Maj. Nidal Malik Hasan, a United States Army psychiatrist, shot and killed 13 people and wounded 32 others at Fort Hood, Texas. An American-born Muslim of Palestinian descent, Major Hasan said he was driven by a hatred of American military action in the Muslim world and a desire to protect Taliban leaders in Afghanistan. He was sentenced to death by lethal injection. A Senate report called it the worst act of terrorism on American soil since the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks. |
| A 22-year-old Army private, Naser Jason Abdo, was arrested almost two years later and charged with trying to detonate an explosive device at a restaurant frequented by Fort Hood soldiers. Private Abdo was found in a hotel room near the base with a .40-caliber semiautomatic pistol, bomb-making materials and an article from the English-language Qaeda magazine Inspire that described how to make a bomb in a kitchen. | A 22-year-old Army private, Naser Jason Abdo, was arrested almost two years later and charged with trying to detonate an explosive device at a restaurant frequented by Fort Hood soldiers. Private Abdo was found in a hotel room near the base with a .40-caliber semiautomatic pistol, bomb-making materials and an article from the English-language Qaeda magazine Inspire that described how to make a bomb in a kitchen. |
| He had been involved in disputes with the military over his Muslim beliefs and his coming deployment to Afghanistan. He was convicted by a federal jury of attempted use of a weapon of mass destruction, among other charges. | He had been involved in disputes with the military over his Muslim beliefs and his coming deployment to Afghanistan. He was convicted by a federal jury of attempted use of a weapon of mass destruction, among other charges. |
| In April, Army Spc. Ivan Lopez, who was being evaluated for post-traumatic stress disorder, opened fire at Fort Hood, killing three people and wounding 16 before killing himself. | In April, Army Spc. Ivan Lopez, who was being evaluated for post-traumatic stress disorder, opened fire at Fort Hood, killing three people and wounding 16 before killing himself. |
| Though the attack was not linked to terrorism, Representative Michael McCaul, Republican of Texas and the chairman of the Homeland Security Committee, said the three episodes at Fort Hood had given him concern that the base was “becoming a target for potential jihadists.” | Though the attack was not linked to terrorism, Representative Michael McCaul, Republican of Texas and the chairman of the Homeland Security Committee, said the three episodes at Fort Hood had given him concern that the base was “becoming a target for potential jihadists.” |
| June 1, 2009: Gunman Kills Soldier Outside Arkansas Recruiting Station | June 1, 2009: Gunman Kills Soldier Outside Arkansas Recruiting Station |
| Abdulhakim Mujahid Muhammad, a Tennessee man upset about the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, opened fire on two soldiers, killing one and wounding another outside a military recruiting station in Little Rock, Ark. | Abdulhakim Mujahid Muhammad, a Tennessee man upset about the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, opened fire on two soldiers, killing one and wounding another outside a military recruiting station in Little Rock, Ark. |
| Mr. Muhammad, who called himself a soldier in a Yemen-based affiliate of Al Qaeda, said the attack was in retribution for the killing of Muslims by American troops. In 2007, he traveled to Yemen where, over the course of 16 months, he taught English, learned Arabic, married a Yemeni woman and was imprisoned for several months because he overstayed his visa and was holding a fraudulent Somali passport, the Yemeni government said. | Mr. Muhammad, who called himself a soldier in a Yemen-based affiliate of Al Qaeda, said the attack was in retribution for the killing of Muslims by American troops. In 2007, he traveled to Yemen where, over the course of 16 months, he taught English, learned Arabic, married a Yemeni woman and was imprisoned for several months because he overstayed his visa and was holding a fraudulent Somali passport, the Yemeni government said. |