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| McAuliffe explores whether he can expand Medicaid coverage without legislature’s okay | McAuliffe explores whether he can expand Medicaid coverage without legislature’s okay |
| (5 months later) | |
| RICHMOND — Virginia Gov. Terry McAuliffe is considering expanding health coverage for the poor without the approval of the state legislature, a move that would muscle his top priority past Republican opponents but also throw his young administration into a partisan firestorm and uncertain legal territory. | RICHMOND — Virginia Gov. Terry McAuliffe is considering expanding health coverage for the poor without the approval of the state legislature, a move that would muscle his top priority past Republican opponents but also throw his young administration into a partisan firestorm and uncertain legal territory. |
| McAuliffe and his top advisers have consulted lawyers, health-care experts and legislators on how to bypass the GOP-dominated House of Delegates, according to three people familiar with the discussions. A fourth, who like the others spoke on the condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to reveal private strategy, said the office of Attorney General Mark R. Herring (D) has been researching the matter. | McAuliffe and his top advisers have consulted lawyers, health-care experts and legislators on how to bypass the GOP-dominated House of Delegates, according to three people familiar with the discussions. A fourth, who like the others spoke on the condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to reveal private strategy, said the office of Attorney General Mark R. Herring (D) has been researching the matter. |
| The move would allow Virginia to take advantage of a key state option under the Affordable Care Act, and it could help break a budget stalemate and avert a looming government shutdown. But it would be a daring action; only two other governors have done anything similar to bulldoze Medicaid expansion past opponents. | The move would allow Virginia to take advantage of a key state option under the Affordable Care Act, and it could help break a budget stalemate and avert a looming government shutdown. But it would be a daring action; only two other governors have done anything similar to bulldoze Medicaid expansion past opponents. |
| If McAuliffe follows through, he would raise far-reaching constitutional questions about the chief executive’s power and the rule of law — issues cropping up with increasing frequency in the states and in Washington, as governors and President Obama seek to push past adversarial legislatures and Congress. | If McAuliffe follows through, he would raise far-reaching constitutional questions about the chief executive’s power and the rule of law — issues cropping up with increasing frequency in the states and in Washington, as governors and President Obama seek to push past adversarial legislatures and Congress. |
| The action would also surely create a politically toxic environment for McAuliffe, a new governor who just passed the 100-day mark of his term, and it could launch legal challenges that he is by no means assured of defeating. | The action would also surely create a politically toxic environment for McAuliffe, a new governor who just passed the 100-day mark of his term, and it could launch legal challenges that he is by no means assured of defeating. |
| “I don’t believe that he has that authority,” said Del. S. Chris Jones (R-Suffolk), chairman of the House Appropriations Committee and a central adversary in the budget stalemate with McAuliffe. | “I don’t believe that he has that authority,” said Del. S. Chris Jones (R-Suffolk), chairman of the House Appropriations Committee and a central adversary in the budget stalemate with McAuliffe. |
| Even nonpartisan observers were uncertain of McAuliffe’s position. “I don’t know what the legal theory would be, frankly,” said A.E. Dick Howard, a University of Virginia legal scholar who was chief draftsman of the state constitution when it was revamped in 1971. | Even nonpartisan observers were uncertain of McAuliffe’s position. “I don’t know what the legal theory would be, frankly,” said A.E. Dick Howard, a University of Virginia legal scholar who was chief draftsman of the state constitution when it was revamped in 1971. |
| McAuliffe (D) and Herring sidestepped questions this week about the possibility of expanding Medicaid by executive action. Their spokesmen declined to comment Thursday. | McAuliffe (D) and Herring sidestepped questions this week about the possibility of expanding Medicaid by executive action. Their spokesmen declined to comment Thursday. |
| Just two governors, in Ohio and Kentucky, have relied on their executive authority to buck reluctant legislatures to expand Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act, according to health-policy experts. And their examples do not provide a clear path for McAuliffe, because those governors took advantage of legal quirks in those states. | Just two governors, in Ohio and Kentucky, have relied on their executive authority to buck reluctant legislatures to expand Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act, according to health-policy experts. And their examples do not provide a clear path for McAuliffe, because those governors took advantage of legal quirks in those states. |
| Ohio Gov. John Kasich (R) was able to tap an administrative board that normally oversees state contracting to approve expansion. In Kentucky, Gov. Steve Beshear (D) could authorize expansion unilaterally because Medicaid eligibility rules are set in state regulations, which can be changed by executive order, rather than state code, which is set by the legislature. | Ohio Gov. John Kasich (R) was able to tap an administrative board that normally oversees state contracting to approve expansion. In Kentucky, Gov. Steve Beshear (D) could authorize expansion unilaterally because Medicaid eligibility rules are set in state regulations, which can be changed by executive order, rather than state code, which is set by the legislature. |
| Expansion by executive action might be more difficult in Virginia, where the state constitution requires the legislature to approve all appropriations — even pass-through funding from Washington, which has promised to foot the full bill for Medicaid expansion for the first three years. | Expansion by executive action might be more difficult in Virginia, where the state constitution requires the legislature to approve all appropriations — even pass-through funding from Washington, which has promised to foot the full bill for Medicaid expansion for the first three years. |
| For months, while still pushing for expansion through the General Assembly, McAuliffe advisers have been searching for a solution even if the House won’t go along, the three people familiar with those discussions said. They’ve picked the brains of health-care advocates and assured expansion-minded legislators that they are “exploring their options,” as one person familiar with those discussions put it. | For months, while still pushing for expansion through the General Assembly, McAuliffe advisers have been searching for a solution even if the House won’t go along, the three people familiar with those discussions said. They’ve picked the brains of health-care advocates and assured expansion-minded legislators that they are “exploring their options,” as one person familiar with those discussions put it. |
| Sen. Emmett W. Hanger Jr. (Augusta), one of three Senate Republicans who support expansion, said the possibility has come up many times in meetings between legislators and administration officials. Hanger stopped short of saying that the administration is pursuing that strategy; he said no one has ever told him. | Sen. Emmett W. Hanger Jr. (Augusta), one of three Senate Republicans who support expansion, said the possibility has come up many times in meetings between legislators and administration officials. Hanger stopped short of saying that the administration is pursuing that strategy; he said no one has ever told him. |
| “They’re intrigued by what Governor Kasich did in Ohio,” Hanger said. “There have been numerous instances where the speculation turned to whether or not it could be done administratively, but there’s never been anyone that has clearly said, ‘Yes and we’re working on a plan.’ ” | “They’re intrigued by what Governor Kasich did in Ohio,” Hanger said. “There have been numerous instances where the speculation turned to whether or not it could be done administratively, but there’s never been anyone that has clearly said, ‘Yes and we’re working on a plan.’ ” |
| Officials have always said in such meetings that McAuliffe’s legal authority to make such a move was a “gray area,” said Hanger. In any case, Hanger thinks such a move would stir up too much ill will and might not stand up to a legal challenge. | Officials have always said in such meetings that McAuliffe’s legal authority to make such a move was a “gray area,” said Hanger. In any case, Hanger thinks such a move would stir up too much ill will and might not stand up to a legal challenge. |
| “Whether they can or can’t, that’s not where I want to be,” Hanger said. “I think it would be a bold step that would lead to a lot of controversy and lawsuits because it would not be clear [legally]. But on the other hand, if a governor felt that strongly about it and just proposed to do it, I suppose the only way to stop him would be a lawsuit. But it would be quick in coming.” | “Whether they can or can’t, that’s not where I want to be,” Hanger said. “I think it would be a bold step that would lead to a lot of controversy and lawsuits because it would not be clear [legally]. But on the other hand, if a governor felt that strongly about it and just proposed to do it, I suppose the only way to stop him would be a lawsuit. But it would be quick in coming.” |
| McAuliffe’s more partisan supporters, meanwhile, said they would stand behind him. “If the governor concludes he has that ability, I support him 1,000 percent,” said Sen. A. Donald McEachin (D-Henrico). | McAuliffe’s more partisan supporters, meanwhile, said they would stand behind him. “If the governor concludes he has that ability, I support him 1,000 percent,” said Sen. A. Donald McEachin (D-Henrico). |
| House Republicans have grown increasingly vocal about the possibility, particularly after Herring bucked the General Assembly’s wishes this week by declaring that some young illegal immigrants are eligible for in-state tuition. Three months earlier, Herring had announced that the state’s ban on gay marriage — something the legislature still supports — is unconstitutional. | House Republicans have grown increasingly vocal about the possibility, particularly after Herring bucked the General Assembly’s wishes this week by declaring that some young illegal immigrants are eligible for in-state tuition. Three months earlier, Herring had announced that the state’s ban on gay marriage — something the legislature still supports — is unconstitutional. |
| McAuliffe’s comments in recent days have only strengthened the perception that there was an executive plan in the works. Asked on a radio program whether he was pursuing a way to sidestep the General Assembly to make expansion happen, McAuliffe said: “Everybody says that. I’d like them to tell me and all my lawyers exactly how we do that. . . . I ran saying I want to work in a bipartisan way. I want to get this done legislatively.” | McAuliffe’s comments in recent days have only strengthened the perception that there was an executive plan in the works. Asked on a radio program whether he was pursuing a way to sidestep the General Assembly to make expansion happen, McAuliffe said: “Everybody says that. I’d like them to tell me and all my lawyers exactly how we do that. . . . I ran saying I want to work in a bipartisan way. I want to get this done legislatively.” |
| Mark Lewis, co-host of WTOP’s “Ask the Governor” program, pressed him. “So you don’t have the authority to make this happen?” | Mark Lewis, co-host of WTOP’s “Ask the Governor” program, pressed him. “So you don’t have the authority to make this happen?” |
| “I want to do this legislatively, Mark,” McAuliffe responded. | “I want to do this legislatively, Mark,” McAuliffe responded. |
| In a news conference in Richmond this week to discuss his action on in-state tuition for the children of illegal immigrants known as “dreamers,” Herring similarly dodged questions about whether he was exploring the legality of expanding without the legislature’s consent. | In a news conference in Richmond this week to discuss his action on in-state tuition for the children of illegal immigrants known as “dreamers,” Herring similarly dodged questions about whether he was exploring the legality of expanding without the legislature’s consent. |
| Those responses have fed House Republicans’ fears that McAuliffe will try to enact expansion on his own. | Those responses have fed House Republicans’ fears that McAuliffe will try to enact expansion on his own. |
| “You see President Obama certainly using executive orders, executive fiat, to delay [portions of] the Affordable Care Act, and you’re seeing the same thing with the attorney general and the governor, with these vague statements,” said House Majority Leader M. Kirkland Cox (R-Colonial Heights). “He certainly looks like he’s going to go down this road of using executive orders.” | “You see President Obama certainly using executive orders, executive fiat, to delay [portions of] the Affordable Care Act, and you’re seeing the same thing with the attorney general and the governor, with these vague statements,” said House Majority Leader M. Kirkland Cox (R-Colonial Heights). “He certainly looks like he’s going to go down this road of using executive orders.” |
| McAuliffe has made expanding Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act his top priority, and he came into office upbeat about his ability to sell wary House Republicans on opening the program to 400,000 low-income Virginians. Nearly four months into his term, the House has not budged. The stalemate has blocked passage of a state budget and threatens to shut down the government if it is not resolved by July 1. | McAuliffe has made expanding Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act his top priority, and he came into office upbeat about his ability to sell wary House Republicans on opening the program to 400,000 low-income Virginians. Nearly four months into his term, the House has not budged. The stalemate has blocked passage of a state budget and threatens to shut down the government if it is not resolved by July 1. |
| McAuliffe has said that, in addition to helping needy Virginians, expansion would boost the state’s economy with $5 million per day in federal funding. | McAuliffe has said that, in addition to helping needy Virginians, expansion would boost the state’s economy with $5 million per day in federal funding. |
| Republicans have argued that the federal government cannot afford to keep its promise to bankroll most of the $2 billion-a-year price tag. They also say the state should get the soaring costs of its existing Medicaid program under control before considering expansion. | Republicans have argued that the federal government cannot afford to keep its promise to bankroll most of the $2 billion-a-year price tag. They also say the state should get the soaring costs of its existing Medicaid program under control before considering expansion. |
| Senate Majority Leader Richard L. Saslaw (D-Fairfax) said he was not aware of plans by the administration to go it alone if a deal cannot be struck, but he did not rule it out. | Senate Majority Leader Richard L. Saslaw (D-Fairfax) said he was not aware of plans by the administration to go it alone if a deal cannot be struck, but he did not rule it out. |
| “The best way to do it, I think, would be through the [legislative] process, but that may or may not be the only way to do it,” Saslaw said. | “The best way to do it, I think, would be through the [legislative] process, but that may or may not be the only way to do it,” Saslaw said. |
| Independent of the governor, some health-care experts have been looking for months for a way for McAuliffe to make expansion happen on his own, according to two people familiar with those discussions. They considered whether the governor could stack the state’s Medicaid board, which sets eligibility standards, with his own appointees. They wondered whether McAuliffe could expand Medicaid by claiming emergency powers, perhaps in the event of a looming hospital closure or the government shutdown. | Independent of the governor, some health-care experts have been looking for months for a way for McAuliffe to make expansion happen on his own, according to two people familiar with those discussions. They considered whether the governor could stack the state’s Medicaid board, which sets eligibility standards, with his own appointees. They wondered whether McAuliffe could expand Medicaid by claiming emergency powers, perhaps in the event of a looming hospital closure or the government shutdown. |
| The experts ultimately were not convinced that any of those options would work, although it was not clear if the governor or attorney general had dismissed them, according to the two people, who spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss private strategy. | The experts ultimately were not convinced that any of those options would work, although it was not clear if the governor or attorney general had dismissed them, according to the two people, who spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss private strategy. |
| Former governor and attorney general James S. Gilmore III (R) was skeptical that McAuliffe could expand Medicaid under the emergency authority that might be invoked to continue essential government functions during a shutdown. | Former governor and attorney general James S. Gilmore III (R) was skeptical that McAuliffe could expand Medicaid under the emergency authority that might be invoked to continue essential government functions during a shutdown. |
| “I believe they will reach an agreement [on the budget], but the failure to reach an agreement does not empower the governor to become a dictator,” Gilmore said. | “I believe they will reach an agreement [on the budget], but the failure to reach an agreement does not empower the governor to become a dictator,” Gilmore said. |
| Although Howard, the constitutional scholar, could not think of a way for McAuliffe to make it happen, he said the governor and his staff might find one. | Although Howard, the constitutional scholar, could not think of a way for McAuliffe to make it happen, he said the governor and his staff might find one. |
| “I think it might be a reach to put this under the umbrella of emergency powers,” Howard said. “But there may be some independent ground that they could stand on for doing this.” | “I think it might be a reach to put this under the umbrella of emergency powers,” Howard said. “But there may be some independent ground that they could stand on for doing this.” |