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| Nobel Prize for Cardiff professor | Nobel Prize for Cardiff professor |
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| A professor of mammalian genetics at Cardiff University has been awarded the 2007 Nobel Prize for medicine for his work on stem cells. | A professor of mammalian genetics at Cardiff University has been awarded the 2007 Nobel Prize for medicine for his work on stem cells. |
| Sir Martin Evans was honoured along with two US citizens, Mario Capecchi, who was born in Italy, and UK-born Oliver Smithies. | Sir Martin Evans was honoured along with two US citizens, Mario Capecchi, who was born in Italy, and UK-born Oliver Smithies. |
| The award recognised the team's work on introducing genetic changes in mice using embryonic stem cells. | The award recognised the team's work on introducing genetic changes in mice using embryonic stem cells. |
| Sir Martin described the accolade as like winning the "World Cup". | |
| He said: "It's wonderful - the sort of thing which when you start off as a youngster in science you look up to these fantastic Nobel prize winners, and think, could that ever be you? No, of course not. | |
| "You can't imagine that these things are going to happen to you and you can't even really honestly even hope for it." | |
| I'm so pleased, not only for myself, for all my colleagues who've been involved in this and for the UK too. Professor Sir Martin Evans | |
| The $1.54m (£755,000) prize is awarded by the Karolinska Institute in Sweden. | The $1.54m (£755,000) prize is awarded by the Karolinska Institute in Sweden. |
| Sir Martin, 66, is considered by many as the chief architect of stem cell research. | Sir Martin, 66, is considered by many as the chief architect of stem cell research. |
| He was knighted in 2003 and received the Lasker award - the American equivalent of the Nobel Prize for medicine - in 2001. He is also a fellow of the Royal Society and fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences. | He was knighted in 2003 and received the Lasker award - the American equivalent of the Nobel Prize for medicine - in 2001. He is also a fellow of the Royal Society and fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences. |
| The scientist, who graduated from Cambridge in 1963, helped show how the cells that form all the tissues in a mouse's body - embryonic stem cells - can be removed and grown separately in the lab. | The scientist, who graduated from Cambridge in 1963, helped show how the cells that form all the tissues in a mouse's body - embryonic stem cells - can be removed and grown separately in the lab. |
| Sir Martin is part of a team of three to win the Nobel PrizeHe also helped create a method to alter genes in mice with what is said to be amazing accuracy. | Sir Martin is part of a team of three to win the Nobel PrizeHe also helped create a method to alter genes in mice with what is said to be amazing accuracy. |
| This breakthrough, known as gene targeting, is helping the drive to develop new treatments for human illnesses. | This breakthrough, known as gene targeting, is helping the drive to develop new treatments for human illnesses. |
| Sir Martin said he was driving over to his daughter's house on Monday when he had a call from his secretary in Cardiff telling him to call the chairman of the Nobel committee in Sweden urgently. | |
| He did so and was told he had been awarded the prize. | |
| "I'm so pleased, not only for myself, for all my colleagues who've been involved in this and for the UK too," he said on Monday. | |
| Nobel laureates | |
| Medicine is traditionally the first of the Nobels awarded each year. | Medicine is traditionally the first of the Nobels awarded each year. |
| The prizes for achievement in science, literature and peace bearing the name of Alfred Nobel were first awarded in 1901 according to the will of the Swedish dynamite millionaire. | The prizes for achievement in science, literature and peace bearing the name of Alfred Nobel were first awarded in 1901 according to the will of the Swedish dynamite millionaire. |
| Previously, at least three Nobel laureates have come from Wales but others have lived in the country. | Previously, at least three Nobel laureates have come from Wales but others have lived in the country. |
| Professor Clive Granger, a statistical analyst from Swansea, was awarded the prize for economics in 2003, while Brian Josephson, from Cardiff, was physics laureate in 1973. | Professor Clive Granger, a statistical analyst from Swansea, was awarded the prize for economics in 2003, while Brian Josephson, from Cardiff, was physics laureate in 1973. |
| Philosopher and historian Lord Bertrand Russell from Trelleck, Monmouthshire, was awarded the literature prize in 1950. | Philosopher and historian Lord Bertrand Russell from Trelleck, Monmouthshire, was awarded the literature prize in 1950. |
| Dr Robert Huber, who is German, was awarded the 1988 Nobel Prize in chemistry and is currently at Cardiff University. | Dr Robert Huber, who is German, was awarded the 1988 Nobel Prize in chemistry and is currently at Cardiff University. |