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| Nobel Prize for Cardiff professor | |
| (about 1 hour later) | |
| A professor of mammalian genetics at Cardiff University has been awarded the 2007 Nobel Prize for medicine for his work on stem cells. | |
| Sir Martin Evans was honoured along with two US citizens, Mario Capecchi, who was born in Italy, and UK-born Oliver Smithies. | Sir Martin Evans was honoured along with two US citizens, Mario Capecchi, who was born in Italy, and UK-born Oliver Smithies. |
| The award recognised the team's work on introducing genetic changes in mice using embryonic stem cells. | The award recognised the team's work on introducing genetic changes in mice using embryonic stem cells. |
| The $1.54m (£755,000) prize is awarded by the Karolinska Institute in Sweden. | The $1.54m (£755,000) prize is awarded by the Karolinska Institute in Sweden. |
| Sir Martin, 66, is considered by many as the chief architect of stem cell research. | |
| He was knighted in 2003 and received the Lasker award - the American equivalent of the Nobel Prize for medicine - in 2001. He is also a fellow of the Royal Society and fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences. | |
| The scientist, who graduated from Cambridge in 1963, helped show how the cells that form all the tissues in a mouse's body - embryonic stem cells - can be removed and grown separately in the lab. | |
| Sir Martin is part of a team of three to win the Nobel PrizeHe also helped create a method to alter genes in mice with what is said to be amazing accuracy. | |
| Breakthrough | |
| This breakthrough, known as gene targeting, is helping the drive to develop new treatments for human illnesses. | |
| Medicine is traditionally the first of the Nobels awarded each year. | Medicine is traditionally the first of the Nobels awarded each year. |
| The prizes for achievement in science, literature and peace bearing the name of Alfred Nobel were first awarded in 1901 according to the will of the Swedish dynamite millionaire. | The prizes for achievement in science, literature and peace bearing the name of Alfred Nobel were first awarded in 1901 according to the will of the Swedish dynamite millionaire. |
| Previously, at least three Nobel laureates have come from Wales but others have lived in the country. | |
| Professor Clive Granger, a statistical analyst from Swansea, was awarded the prize for economics in 2003, while Brian Josephson, from Cardiff, was physics laureate in 1973. | |
| Philosopher and historian Lord Bertrand Russell from Trellis, Monmouthshire, was awarded the literature prize in 1950. | |
| Dr Robert Huber, who is German, was awarded the 1988 Nobel Prize in chemistry and is currently at Cardiff University. |