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Cardinal in 'Nazi art term' row | Cardinal in 'Nazi art term' row |
(about 10 hours later) | |
A German archbishop has sparked controversy by calling some modern art "degenerate" - a term used by the Nazi regime in its persecution of artists. | A German archbishop has sparked controversy by calling some modern art "degenerate" - a term used by the Nazi regime in its persecution of artists. |
Cardinal Joachim Meisner, Archbishop of Cologne, was speaking as the Church inaugurated its Kolumba art museum. | |
Cardinal Meisner warned that when art became estranged from worship, culture became degenerate. | Cardinal Meisner warned that when art became estranged from worship, culture became degenerate. |
The cardinal had not intended to pay tribute to "old ideologies", a spokesman said. | The cardinal had not intended to pay tribute to "old ideologies", a spokesman said. |
Taboo | Taboo |
The BBC's Marianne Landzettel says this was no off-the-cuff remark by the cardinal, delivered in a sermon in Cologne Cathedral, but was precisely scripted. | The BBC's Marianne Landzettel says this was no off-the-cuff remark by the cardinal, delivered in a sermon in Cologne Cathedral, but was precisely scripted. |
She says the phrase degenerate art - "entartete Kunst" - in German has only one connotation: that of Nazi Germany and the persecution of artists, the banning of paintings and the burning of books. | She says the phrase degenerate art - "entartete Kunst" - in German has only one connotation: that of Nazi Germany and the persecution of artists, the banning of paintings and the burning of books. |
I thought all this was history, and then it is a high-ranking member of the Catholic clergy who uses it Michael Vesper, former minister | I thought all this was history, and then it is a high-ranking member of the Catholic clergy who uses it Michael Vesper, former minister |
"Entartete Kunst" was the name of an exhibition of works organised by the Nazis in 1937 in Munich as a warning to the German people. | "Entartete Kunst" was the name of an exhibition of works organised by the Nazis in 1937 in Munich as a warning to the German people. |
In a newspaper interview, the North Rhine-Westphalia culture secretary, Hans-Dietrich Grosse-Brockhoff, said it was appalling that Cardinal Meisner had used such a word. | In a newspaper interview, the North Rhine-Westphalia culture secretary, Hans-Dietrich Grosse-Brockhoff, said it was appalling that Cardinal Meisner had used such a word. |
Former minister Michael Vesper also said he was shocked. | Former minister Michael Vesper also said he was shocked. |
"I thought all this was history, and then it is a high-ranking member of the Catholic clergy who uses it," he said. | "I thought all this was history, and then it is a high-ranking member of the Catholic clergy who uses it," he said. |
After Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933, the Nazi government started to bring art under its control. | After Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933, the Nazi government started to bring art under its control. |
All modern art, and Expressionism in particular, was labelled degenerate and was not to be shown in public. | All modern art, and Expressionism in particular, was labelled degenerate and was not to be shown in public. |
More than 15,000 paintings were removed from German museums. | More than 15,000 paintings were removed from German museums. |
Recently Cardinal Meisner expressed opposition to a new stained-glass window in Cologne Cathedral. | Recently Cardinal Meisner expressed opposition to a new stained-glass window in Cologne Cathedral. |
The abstract work by renowned artist Gerhard Richter contains thousands of squares. | The abstract work by renowned artist Gerhard Richter contains thousands of squares. |
The archbishop's supporters say he is not opposed to modern art as such but wanted the window to be a more figurative representation, including of those who suffered under Nazi persecution. | The archbishop's supporters say he is not opposed to modern art as such but wanted the window to be a more figurative representation, including of those who suffered under Nazi persecution. |
Correspondents say any sign of agreement with the Nazis is taboo in Germany. | Correspondents say any sign of agreement with the Nazis is taboo in Germany. |
Last week, a top TV presenter was sacked for praising the Nazis' respect for families and motherhood. | Last week, a top TV presenter was sacked for praising the Nazis' respect for families and motherhood. |