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Space probe performs Mars fly-by Space probe performs Mars fly-by
(about 7 hours later)
A European space probe has completed a close fly-by of the planet Mars in a crucial manoeuvre on its 10-year journey to land on a distant comet.A European space probe has completed a close fly-by of the planet Mars in a crucial manoeuvre on its 10-year journey to land on a distant comet.
The unmanned Rosetta craft passed within some 250 km (150 miles) of Mars.The unmanned Rosetta craft passed within some 250 km (150 miles) of Mars.
In a precise move, the probe used the planet's gravity to change course on its voyage to the Churyumov-Gerasimenko comet out near Jupiter.In a precise move, the probe used the planet's gravity to change course on its voyage to the Churyumov-Gerasimenko comet out near Jupiter.
Rosetta is due to reach the comet's orbit in 2014 and send a lander to its surface to study its chemistry.Rosetta is due to reach the comet's orbit in 2014 and send a lander to its surface to study its chemistry.
The probe must harness the gravitational forces of the planets to build up the speed it needs to chase down and catch the comet.The probe must harness the gravitational forces of the planets to build up the speed it needs to chase down and catch the comet.
Rosetta's flight takes it round the Sun four times, Mars once and the Earth three times, before hurtling out towards Jupiter.Rosetta's flight takes it round the Sun four times, Mars once and the Earth three times, before hurtling out towards Jupiter.
Radio silenceRadio silence
This was the first and only time the spacecraft was to fly past Mars.This was the first and only time the spacecraft was to fly past Mars.
As expected, experts at the mission control centre in Darmstadt, Germany, lost contact with the probe as it went behind the planet for the 15-minute manoeuvre. A Rosetta camera views dust or clouds in Mars' atmosphereAs expected, experts at the mission control centre in Darmstadt, Germany, lost contact with the probe as it went behind the planet for the 15-minute manoeuvre.
During this time, Rosetta had to rely for power in onboard batteries, as Mars blocked light to its solar panels.During this time, Rosetta had to rely for power in onboard batteries, as Mars blocked light to its solar panels.
Rosetta used Mars' gravity to build up speedAs radio contact was restored, there was applause in the control room. As radio contact was restored, there was applause in the control room.
Spacecraft operations manager Andrea Accomazzo said the manoeuvre was "fundamental to the mission".Spacecraft operations manager Andrea Accomazzo said the manoeuvre was "fundamental to the mission".
"It's a very big success, so we are very happy.""It's a very big success, so we are very happy."
The probe will perform two similar fly-bys of Earth this year as it accelerates towards the comet. Rosetta used Mars' gravity to build up speedThe probe will perform two similar fly-bys of Earth this year as it accelerates towards the comet.
The craft is named after the Rosetta stone, which led experts to decipher Egyptian hieroglyphics.The craft is named after the Rosetta stone, which led experts to decipher Egyptian hieroglyphics.
Scientists hope that this hi-tech Rosetta will, through its exploration of the comet, help solve some of the unexplained mysteries of the Solar System and how it evolved.Scientists hope that this hi-tech Rosetta will, through its exploration of the comet, help solve some of the unexplained mysteries of the Solar System and how it evolved.