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Teachers' strikes: What are they paid and will schools close? Teachers' strikes: What are they paid and will schools close?
(8 days later)
Pupils in Scotland are facing school closures as teacher strikes continue. Pupils in Scotland are facing more disruption as teachers prepare to strike again in the coming weeks.
Elsewhere in the UK, teachers are also considering industrial action over pay.Elsewhere in the UK, teachers are also considering industrial action over pay.
What's happening in Scotland?What's happening in Scotland?
Members of the Scottish Secondary Teachers' Association (SSTA) and the NASUWT are striking on 7 and 8 December. A national teachers' strike will take place on 10 and 11 January. One day will target primaries, the other secondaries. In the following weeks, every school will face a further strike.
The action is expected to lead to either partial or full closures of schools in the council areas affected. Nearly every primary and secondary school, as well as many nurseries, were closed by a national strike on 24 November. It was carried out by members of the Educational Institute of Scotland (EIS) and the Association of Head Teachers and Deputies Scotland (AHDS).
Nearly every primary and secondary school and many nurseries closed due to an earlier national strike on 24 November, which was carried out by members of the Educational Institute of Scotland (EIS) and the Association of Head Teachers and Deputies Scotland (AHDS). A strike by other unions on 7 and 8 December led to some schools being partially closed.
Another national teachers' strike will take place on 10 and 11 January - one day will target primaries, the other secondaries. In the following weeks every school in each council area will face a further strike. Will teachers strike across the UK?
Thousands of teachers joined rallies across Scotland on the day of the strike A number of ballots about whether to strike are open:
The NASUWT ballot, covering staff in schools and sixth form colleges in England, Scotland, and Wales, closes on 9 January
The NAHT union represents head teachers and other school leaders in England and Wales. It's ballot closes on 11 January
The NEU is the largest education union in the UK, with 300,000 members in England and Wales, although not all are teachers. Its ballot closes on 13 January
The ASCL, representing school and college leaders, is consulting its members about whether to hold a formal ballot
Teachers from five unions in Northern Ireland have already begun action short of a strike - affecting meeting attendance and administrative tasks.
Lecturers and other university staff have also been striking over pay, pensions and working conditions.
Why are teachers striking?Why are teachers striking?
It's about pay.It's about pay.
In Scotland, teachers rejected a 5% increase, arguing for 10%.In Scotland, teachers rejected a 5% increase, arguing for 10%.
A new offer from employer Cosla designed to avert the national strike included rises of up to 6.85% for the lowest paid. But the EIS - Scotland's largest teaching union - dismissed it as "insulting". A new offer designed to prevent national strikes included rises of up to 6.85% for the lowest paid. But the EIS - Scotland's largest teaching union - dismissed it as "insulting".
Most state-school teachers in England and Wales had a 5% rise this year. In Northern Ireland many teachers have been offered 3.2% over the past two years.Most state-school teachers in England and Wales had a 5% rise this year. In Northern Ireland many teachers have been offered 3.2% over the past two years.
Unions argue that inflation above 11% means these increases are really pay cuts. Thousands of workers in other sectors are striking for the same reason. Unions argue that inflation above 11% means these increases are really pay cuts.
Teachers' representatives also want schools to be given extra money to cover the increase. Teachers' representatives want schools to be given extra money - so that pay increases don't come from existing budgets.
Which workers are allowed to go on strike?Which workers are allowed to go on strike?
Should public sector workers get bigger pay rises? The strikes taking place in December
How much do teachers get paid?How much do teachers get paid?
The starting salary for teachers in England is due to rise to £30,000 a year by September 2023.The starting salary for teachers in England is due to rise to £30,000 a year by September 2023.
Last year, state school classroom teachers in England were paid an average of £38,982. This compares with £39,009 in Wales and £40,026 in Scotland. Northern Ireland's government did not provide a figure.Last year, state school classroom teachers in England were paid an average of £38,982. This compares with £39,009 in Wales and £40,026 in Scotland. Northern Ireland's government did not provide a figure.
The average head teacher's salary in England last year was £74,095, and £57,117 for other senior leaders.The average head teacher's salary in England last year was £74,095, and £57,117 for other senior leaders.
Experts in England advise the government about teacher pay, based on factors including vacancies, individual subject shortages, and competition from other graduate jobs. Experts in England advise the government about teacher pay, based on factors including vacancies, subject shortages and competition from other jobs.
As with all public spending, money allocated to England determines what funding is awarded to Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.As with all public spending, money allocated to England determines what funding is awarded to Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
Schools to cut staff in budget squeeze - union
Will teachers strike in the rest of the UK?
Teachers from five unions in Northern Ireland have already begun action short of a strike - affecting meeting attendance and administrative tasks.
NEU members who teach at 77 sixth form colleges walked out over pay on 30 November.
Other ballots are still open:
The NASUWT ballot, covering staff in schools and sixth form colleges in England, Scotland, and Wales, closes on 9 January
The NEU is the largest education union in the UK, with 300,000 members in England and Wales, although not all are teachers. Its ballot closes on 13 January
The NAHT union, representing head teachers and other school leaders in England and Wales, is balloting members, but no closing date has been announced
The NEU says it may co-ordinate action with the NASUWT and NAHT
The ASCL, representing school and college leaders, wants a "fully-funded pay increase", but isn't currently planning a formal ballot
Elsewhere in the education world, lecturers and other university staff have also been striking over pay, pensions and working conditions.
Do schools close if teachers strike?Do schools close if teachers strike?
In Scotland, local councils decide.In Scotland, local councils decide.
In England, it's up to head teachers. There are no minimum staffing rules, so heads have to judge whether staying open is possible. In England, it's up to head teachers. There are no minimum staffing rules.
Head teachers are also responsible in Wales, in consultation with local authorities.Head teachers are also responsible in Wales, in consultation with local authorities.
If my child's school closes, can I get time off work?If my child's school closes, can I get time off work?
You have the right to take time off work to help a dependant - such as your child - if normal arrangements are disrupted.You have the right to take time off work to help a dependant - such as your child - if normal arrangements are disrupted.
But you won't necessarily get paid under this rule, which applies to England, Scotland and Wales.But you won't necessarily get paid under this rule, which applies to England, Scotland and Wales.
The Department for Business advises carers to check with their employer. It may also be possible to have unpaid parental leave. However, this needs to be arranged in advance, and usually taken in week-long blocks.
It may also be possible to have unpaid parental leave, but this needs to be arranged in advance, and usually taken in week-long blocks.
When have teachers previously gone on strike?
In 2008, a one-day walkout by teachers over pay closed one in ten schools in England and Wales.
Millions of children across the UK missed classes in 2011 when thousands of schools closed due to a one-day strike over pensions.
Teachers in England went on strike in 2014 over pay, pensions and conditions, and again in 2016 over funding, pay and workloads.
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