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| A Partial Solar Eclipse Has Started in Europe. Here’s How to Watch. | A Partial Solar Eclipse Has Started in Europe. Here’s How to Watch. |
| (about 1 hour later) | |
| As the sun began to rise on Tuesday, the moon wedged itself into Earth’s orbit to put on a celestial show — part of one, anyway. | As the sun began to rise on Tuesday, the moon wedged itself into Earth’s orbit to put on a celestial show — part of one, anyway. |
| The partial solar eclipse, which will be visible from Europe, northern Africa, the Middle East and Asia, became visible first in Reykjavik, Iceland, at 8:58 a.m. local time; where the sun would eventually be about 20 percent covered (sunrise was at 8:30 a.m.). By 11 a.m. in London, the moon blocked 15 percent of the sun. The shadow will be peak around 4 p.m. in Chelyabinsk in Russia’s southern Ural region, which is expected to get 79 percent coverage, before waning in New Delhi at 5:30 p.m. with 44 percent coverage. | |
| Images of the eclipse began circulating on social media and in live streams early Tuesday, with photographers posting photos from across Europe and the Middle East. Though some had to contend with clouds blocking the view, others were able to get clear looks, revealing a full bite out of the sun. | |
| Because the moon is smaller than Earth, the moon’s shadow covers only a small part of Earth’s surface and is visible only from certain regions. (Sorry, America, this one’s not for you. But your time is coming.) | Because the moon is smaller than Earth, the moon’s shadow covers only a small part of Earth’s surface and is visible only from certain regions. (Sorry, America, this one’s not for you. But your time is coming.) |
| A solar eclipse occurs when the moon blocks the sun either in part or in totality, as seen from Earth. As the moon makes its orbit around Earth, and as Earth orbits around the sun, the moon gets caught in the middle and casts a shadow on Earth. Anyone standing in that shadow will be able to see the solar eclipse. | A solar eclipse occurs when the moon blocks the sun either in part or in totality, as seen from Earth. As the moon makes its orbit around Earth, and as Earth orbits around the sun, the moon gets caught in the middle and casts a shadow on Earth. Anyone standing in that shadow will be able to see the solar eclipse. |
| Robert Massey, the deputy executive director of the Royal Astronomical Society in the United Kingdom, said the “wow” factor varies depending on where you observed it. | Robert Massey, the deputy executive director of the Royal Astronomical Society in the United Kingdom, said the “wow” factor varies depending on where you observed it. |
| In London, he said, the eclipse will be “a bit wow,” but in Chelyabinsk, which is no stranger to astronomical events, the eclipse will produce a “medium wow.” In India, eclipse viewers will get to see the moon take a bite out of the sun as the sun begins to set, “which in itself is a spectacular thing to see,” Dr. Massey said. | In London, he said, the eclipse will be “a bit wow,” but in Chelyabinsk, which is no stranger to astronomical events, the eclipse will produce a “medium wow.” In India, eclipse viewers will get to see the moon take a bite out of the sun as the sun begins to set, “which in itself is a spectacular thing to see,” Dr. Massey said. |
| Either way, Dr. Massey said, “if you’ve never seen one before, it’s a great experience.” | Either way, Dr. Massey said, “if you’ve never seen one before, it’s a great experience.” |
| Of course, it all depends on the weather forecast. A cloudy day will ruin any hopes of viewing. | Of course, it all depends on the weather forecast. A cloudy day will ruin any hopes of viewing. |
| The alignment between the moon and the sun is relatively rare. Because the moon’s orbit is slightly tilted, solar eclipses occur only when the moon crosses the plane of Earth’s orbit during a new moon. Eclipse windows happen six months apart. (The last partial eclipse was in April.) | The alignment between the moon and the sun is relatively rare. Because the moon’s orbit is slightly tilted, solar eclipses occur only when the moon crosses the plane of Earth’s orbit during a new moon. Eclipse windows happen six months apart. (The last partial eclipse was in April.) |
| That said, partial eclipses occur more frequently than total eclipses, when the moon fully blocks out the sun. But this particular partial eclipse will not produce a dramatic event, Dr. Massey said. For many, it will look like a cloud covering the sun. | That said, partial eclipses occur more frequently than total eclipses, when the moon fully blocks out the sun. But this particular partial eclipse will not produce a dramatic event, Dr. Massey said. For many, it will look like a cloud covering the sun. |
| “It will basically be a bite coming out of a sun,” he said. “It’s not going to be noticeably darker, even if you’re out. Your eye is so good at adapting.” | “It will basically be a bite coming out of a sun,” he said. “It’s not going to be noticeably darker, even if you’re out. Your eye is so good at adapting.” |
| If you’re planning to watch the eclipse in person, there is one important thing to remember: Never look directly at the sun. Solar eclipses can be especially dangerous because the sudden changes in luminosity do not give your eyes a chance to adapt. To view the show safely, you can either purchase a pair of special glasses that have solar filters or build a pinhole projector. You are guaranteed to feel like a child either way, but it’s worth the precaution. | If you’re planning to watch the eclipse in person, there is one important thing to remember: Never look directly at the sun. Solar eclipses can be especially dangerous because the sudden changes in luminosity do not give your eyes a chance to adapt. To view the show safely, you can either purchase a pair of special glasses that have solar filters or build a pinhole projector. You are guaranteed to feel like a child either way, but it’s worth the precaution. |
| “People need to understand it is not safe to look at the sun,” Dr. Massey said. “Even if it is 20 percent covered, that’s still leaving an enormous amount of uncovered sun.” | “People need to understand it is not safe to look at the sun,” Dr. Massey said. “Even if it is 20 percent covered, that’s still leaving an enormous amount of uncovered sun.” |
| Eclipse glasses block out almost all of the sunlight, Dr. Massey said, so you’re able to see just the bite out of the moon as it comes in front of the sun. Telescopes with special solar filters are also an option. | Eclipse glasses block out almost all of the sunlight, Dr. Massey said, so you’re able to see just the bite out of the moon as it comes in front of the sun. Telescopes with special solar filters are also an option. |
| Dr. Massey also recommended reaching out to a local astronomical society, which may have plans to host watch parties and can also answer questions. Or you can watch from the comfort of home. The Royal Observatory is hosting a watch party on its website. The Virtual Telescope Project will livestream the event from Rome. Everyone — even Americans — is invited. | Dr. Massey also recommended reaching out to a local astronomical society, which may have plans to host watch parties and can also answer questions. Or you can watch from the comfort of home. The Royal Observatory is hosting a watch party on its website. The Virtual Telescope Project will livestream the event from Rome. Everyone — even Americans — is invited. |
| People in the United States will get their chance to see an eclipse next month. A total lunar eclipse, when the moon passes through Earth’s shadow, will occur from Nov. 7 to Nov. 8 and will be visible from North America, South America and Eastern Asia. This will be the last total lunar eclipse for three years. | People in the United States will get their chance to see an eclipse next month. A total lunar eclipse, when the moon passes through Earth’s shadow, will occur from Nov. 7 to Nov. 8 and will be visible from North America, South America and Eastern Asia. This will be the last total lunar eclipse for three years. |
| The most recent total eclipse in North America, often referred to as “The Great American Eclipse,” occurred in 2017, and the next one will be in 2024. The next total eclipse in the United Kingdom is not until 2090. | The most recent total eclipse in North America, often referred to as “The Great American Eclipse,” occurred in 2017, and the next one will be in 2024. The next total eclipse in the United Kingdom is not until 2090. |
| In 2023, there will be two annular eclipses, which occur when the moon, sun and Earth are exactly in line but the moon is too far away to fully cover the sun, creating a bull’s-eye effect for observers. The first will be in April and will be visible from northwestern Australia and Indonesia. The second will be in North America next October, and will “make a nice prelude” to the total eclipse in North America the following year, Dr. Massey said. | In 2023, there will be two annular eclipses, which occur when the moon, sun and Earth are exactly in line but the moon is too far away to fully cover the sun, creating a bull’s-eye effect for observers. The first will be in April and will be visible from northwestern Australia and Indonesia. The second will be in North America next October, and will “make a nice prelude” to the total eclipse in North America the following year, Dr. Massey said. |
| You can sign up to get reminders for all of these eclipses and other space and astronomical events on your personal digital calendar at nytimes.com/spacecalendar. | You can sign up to get reminders for all of these eclipses and other space and astronomical events on your personal digital calendar at nytimes.com/spacecalendar. |
| Daniel Victor contributed reporting. | Daniel Victor contributed reporting. |