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| How serious is the shortage of lorry drivers? | How serious is the shortage of lorry drivers? |
| (about 20 hours later) | |
| Several companies have complained about not having enough lorry drivers, which has created shortages for some products. | Several companies have complained about not having enough lorry drivers, which has created shortages for some products. |
| But a combination of Covid, Brexit and other factors, means there aren't enough drivers to meet demand. | But a combination of Covid, Brexit and other factors, means there aren't enough drivers to meet demand. |
| How have companies been affected? | How have companies been affected? |
| The supermarket chain Morrisons warned that the driver shortage would push up prices | The supermarket chain Morrisons warned that the driver shortage would push up prices |
| The Wetherspoons chain said some of its pubs had run out of some beer brands | The Wetherspoons chain said some of its pubs had run out of some beer brands |
| Brewers Heineken and Molson Coors said they had been hit by the shortage of HGV drivers | Brewers Heineken and Molson Coors said they had been hit by the shortage of HGV drivers |
| Coca Cola Europacific Partners said some supermarkets were running out of Diet Coke because of driver shortages and problems sourcing Aluminium cans | Coca Cola Europacific Partners said some supermarkets were running out of Diet Coke because of driver shortages and problems sourcing Aluminium cans |
| Nando's temporarily closed 50 sites blaming supply chain issues | Nando's temporarily closed 50 sites blaming supply chain issues |
| McDonalds stopped sales of milkshakes and bottled drinks blaming a shortages of HGV drivers | McDonalds stopped sales of milkshakes and bottled drinks blaming a shortages of HGV drivers |
| Haribo is struggling to deliver to the UK because of shortages of HGV drivers | Haribo is struggling to deliver to the UK because of shortages of HGV drivers |
| BP temporarily closed a "handful" of its UK sites due to not being able to get petrol and diesel to them | BP temporarily closed a "handful" of its UK sites due to not being able to get petrol and diesel to them |
| Iceland's managing director told the BBC his company was cancelling 30-40 deliveries a day | Iceland's managing director told the BBC his company was cancelling 30-40 deliveries a day |
| A Bank of England report, covering April to June, also found that "transportation delays had resulted in shortages of some items, such as furniture, car parts and electrical goods". | A Bank of England report, covering April to June, also found that "transportation delays had resulted in shortages of some items, such as furniture, car parts and electrical goods". |
| Severe shortages of materials for the construction sector, such as cement and timber, as well as problem for the manufacturing sector, were also highlighted. | Severe shortages of materials for the construction sector, such as cement and timber, as well as problem for the manufacturing sector, were also highlighted. |
| How serious has the problem become? | How serious has the problem become? |
| There is now a shortage of more than 100,000 drivers in the UK, out of a pre-pandemic total of about 600,000, a Road Haulage Association survey of its members estimates. | There is now a shortage of more than 100,000 drivers in the UK, out of a pre-pandemic total of about 600,000, a Road Haulage Association survey of its members estimates. |
| That number included tens of thousands of drivers from EU member states who were living and working in the UK. | That number included tens of thousands of drivers from EU member states who were living and working in the UK. |
| Even before Covid, the estimated shortage was about 60,000 drivers. | Even before Covid, the estimated shortage was about 60,000 drivers. |
| But things have got worse, and there are now warnings from companies and hauliers that they can no longer guarantee all pick-ups and deliveries. | But things have got worse, and there are now warnings from companies and hauliers that they can no longer guarantee all pick-ups and deliveries. |
| Why now? | Why now? |
| Covid is certainly part of it. As travel became increasingly restricted last year, and large parts of the economy shut down, many European drivers went home. And haulage companies say very few have returned. | Covid is certainly part of it. As travel became increasingly restricted last year, and large parts of the economy shut down, many European drivers went home. And haulage companies say very few have returned. |
| The pandemic has also created a large backlog in HGV driver tests, so it's been impossible to get enough new drivers up and running. | The pandemic has also created a large backlog in HGV driver tests, so it's been impossible to get enough new drivers up and running. |
| The industry said in a letter to the prime minister in June that there were 25,000 fewer candidates passing their test in 2020 than in 2019. | The industry said in a letter to the prime minister in June that there were 25,000 fewer candidates passing their test in 2020 than in 2019. |
| What about Brexit? | What about Brexit? |
| There is evidence of HGV driver shortages across Europe, but the UK has been among the hardest hit by the problem. | There is evidence of HGV driver shortages across Europe, but the UK has been among the hardest hit by the problem. |
| This was because many European drivers went back to their home countries, or decided to work elsewhere. | This was because many European drivers went back to their home countries, or decided to work elsewhere. |
| When the UK was part of the single market, they used to be able to come and go as they pleased. | When the UK was part of the single market, they used to be able to come and go as they pleased. |
| But the additional border bureaucracy after Brexit meant it was too much hassle for many of them to drive into and out of the UK. | But the additional border bureaucracy after Brexit meant it was too much hassle for many of them to drive into and out of the UK. |
| Many drivers are paid by the mile or kilometre rather than by the hour, so delays cost them money. | Many drivers are paid by the mile or kilometre rather than by the hour, so delays cost them money. |
| Also, the decline in the value of the pound against the euro since the Brexit vote has meant that being paid in pounds has been less attractive for EU nationals. | Also, the decline in the value of the pound against the euro since the Brexit vote has meant that being paid in pounds has been less attractive for EU nationals. |
| Tax and conditions | Tax and conditions |
| There have also been tax changes making it more expensive for drivers from elsewhere in Europe to work or be employed in the UK. | There have also been tax changes making it more expensive for drivers from elsewhere in Europe to work or be employed in the UK. |
| The reform of the IR35 rules - on how people working off the payroll pay tax - are designed to prevent workers from setting up limited companies through which they pay less tax and National Insurance while working, in effect, as an employee. | The reform of the IR35 rules - on how people working off the payroll pay tax - are designed to prevent workers from setting up limited companies through which they pay less tax and National Insurance while working, in effect, as an employee. |
| But it means there's less incentive for them to come and work in the UK because they make less money. | But it means there's less incentive for them to come and work in the UK because they make less money. |
| Haulage companies also want better conditions for drivers in general, and a recognition that they are a vital part of the economy. | Haulage companies also want better conditions for drivers in general, and a recognition that they are a vital part of the economy. |
| Why is there a shortage of lorry drivers? | Why is there a shortage of lorry drivers? |
| Backlash against longer hours for lorry drivers | Backlash against longer hours for lorry drivers |
| They say the average age of HGV drivers in the UK is 55, and more needs to be done to attract younger workers. | They say the average age of HGV drivers in the UK is 55, and more needs to be done to attract younger workers. |
| One consequence of shortages, though, has been that some wages for drivers have been going up. | One consequence of shortages, though, has been that some wages for drivers have been going up. |
| What is being done about shortages? | What is being done about shortages? |
| The government has slightly relaxed the Drivers' Hours rules, which means drivers will be able to increase their daily driving limit from nine hours to 11 hours twice a week. | The government has slightly relaxed the Drivers' Hours rules, which means drivers will be able to increase their daily driving limit from nine hours to 11 hours twice a week. |
| The temporary extension to driver hours, which initially ran for four weeks until 8 August was then extended to 3 October. But it has been criticised as compromising safety standards and the industry says it will do little to ease the problems it is facing. | The temporary extension to driver hours, which initially ran for four weeks until 8 August was then extended to 3 October. But it has been criticised as compromising safety standards and the industry says it will do little to ease the problems it is facing. |
| A government spokesperson said longer journeys "must only be used where necessary and must not compromise driver safety." | A government spokesperson said longer journeys "must only be used where necessary and must not compromise driver safety." |
| There have been warnings about fruit and vegetable deliveries because of driver shortages | There have been warnings about fruit and vegetable deliveries because of driver shortages |
| The government is also expected to announce changes to the HGV driver testing process to get more newly qualified people into the haulage industry. | The government is also expected to announce changes to the HGV driver testing process to get more newly qualified people into the haulage industry. |
| There is also £7,000 funding for the Large Goods Vehicle Driver apprenticeship scheme. | There is also £7,000 funding for the Large Goods Vehicle Driver apprenticeship scheme. |
| Haulage companies have reiterated their calls for foreign drivers to be added to what's known as the Shortage Occupations list, allowing them to qualify for a skilled worker visa. | Haulage companies have reiterated their calls for foreign drivers to be added to what's known as the Shortage Occupations list, allowing them to qualify for a skilled worker visa. |
| But Transport Secretary Grant Shapps rejected immigration as the solution, saying: "We do have to stand on our own two feet as the United Kingdom". | But Transport Secretary Grant Shapps rejected immigration as the solution, saying: "We do have to stand on our own two feet as the United Kingdom". |
| The government argues that progress is already being made in testing and hiring, and it says a big push is being made towards improving pay, working conditions and diversity. | The government argues that progress is already being made in testing and hiring, and it says a big push is being made towards improving pay, working conditions and diversity. |
| Examples of the steps being taken by companies include: | Examples of the steps being taken by companies include: |
| Tesco is offering drivers a £1,000 joining bonus | Tesco is offering drivers a £1,000 joining bonus |
| Aldi has increased wages for drivers | Aldi has increased wages for drivers |
| Waitrose has given its drivers a pay rise of around £2 an hour while new qualified drivers will receive a "welcome payment" of £1,000. | Waitrose has given its drivers a pay rise of around £2 an hour while new qualified drivers will receive a "welcome payment" of £1,000. |
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