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Coronavirus Live Updates: Fauci Says Virus Cases ‘Never Got Down to Where We Wanted to Go’ as Deaths Pass 130,000 Coronavirus Live Updates: Fauci Says Virus Cases ‘Never Got Down to Where We Wanted to Go’ as Deaths Pass 130,000
(32 minutes later)
Dr. Anthony S. Fauci, the nation’s top infectious disease expert, warned on Monday that the country was still “knee-deep in the first wave” of the pandemic, as U.S. deaths passed 130,000 and cases neared three million, while Texas and Idaho set daily records for new cases, according to a New York Times database.Dr. Anthony S. Fauci, the nation’s top infectious disease expert, warned on Monday that the country was still “knee-deep in the first wave” of the pandemic, as U.S. deaths passed 130,000 and cases neared three million, while Texas and Idaho set daily records for new cases, according to a New York Times database.
Dr. Fauci said that the more than 50,000 new cases a day recorded several times in the past week were “a serious situation that we have to address immediately.” He was speaking with Dr. Francis Collins, the director of the National Institutes of Health, in a conversation that was streamed on N.I.H.’s Twitter and Facebook pages.Dr. Fauci said that the more than 50,000 new cases a day recorded several times in the past week were “a serious situation that we have to address immediately.” He was speaking with Dr. Francis Collins, the director of the National Institutes of Health, in a conversation that was streamed on N.I.H.’s Twitter and Facebook pages.
The two scientists were discussing progress on vaccine research — but the talk quickly veered into whether the rapid rise in cases amounted to a “second wave” of the virus.The two scientists were discussing progress on vaccine research — but the talk quickly veered into whether the rapid rise in cases amounted to a “second wave” of the virus.
“I would say this would not be considered a wave,” Dr. Fauci said. “It was a surge, or a resurgence of infections superimposed upon a baseline that really never got down to where we wanted to go.”“I would say this would not be considered a wave,” Dr. Fauci said. “It was a surge, or a resurgence of infections superimposed upon a baseline that really never got down to where we wanted to go.”
On Monday, Arizona surpassed 100,000 cases as its tally rose to 101,505 according to a New York Times database. Cases there have doubled within the last two and a half weeks. Officials in Idaho announced more than 400 new cases, the state’s most on a single day. Case numbers have more than tripled since mid-June in the county that includes Boise. On Monday, Arizona surpassed 100,000 cases as its tally rose to 101,505 according to a New York Times database. Cases there have doubled within the last two and a half weeks. Officials in Idaho announced more than 400 new cases, the state’s most on a single day. Case numbers have more than tripled since mid-June in the county that includes Boise.
More than 1,000 new cases were announced Monday in Washington State, a single-day record in the state that was the site of the country’s first known case and first major cluster.
And more than 8,800 new cases were announced across Texas, the largest single-day total of the pandemic. Those figures included daily highs in Dallas County and in Tarrant County, which includes Fort Worth. But the spike on Monday was also influenced by a flood of newly announced cases in some places that reported little or no data over the holiday weekend.And more than 8,800 new cases were announced across Texas, the largest single-day total of the pandemic. Those figures included daily highs in Dallas County and in Tarrant County, which includes Fort Worth. But the spike on Monday was also influenced by a flood of newly announced cases in some places that reported little or no data over the holiday weekend.
Dr. Fauci compared the United States unfavorably with Europe, which he said was now merely handling “blips” as countries move to reopen. “We went up, never came down to baseline, and now it’s surging back up,” Dr. Fauci said.Dr. Fauci compared the United States unfavorably with Europe, which he said was now merely handling “blips” as countries move to reopen. “We went up, never came down to baseline, and now it’s surging back up,” Dr. Fauci said.
He pleaded with viewers to maintain social distancing strictures, as new outbreaks have been traced to large, indoor gatherings.He pleaded with viewers to maintain social distancing strictures, as new outbreaks have been traced to large, indoor gatherings.
“Avoid crowds,” he said. “If you’re going to have a social function, maybe a single couple or two — do it outside if you’re going to do it. Those are fundamental, and everybody can do that right now.”“Avoid crowds,” he said. “If you’re going to have a social function, maybe a single couple or two — do it outside if you’re going to do it. Those are fundamental, and everybody can do that right now.”
Over the first five days of July, the United States reported its three largest daily case totals. Fourteen states recorded single-day highs. In all, more than 250,000 new cases were announced nationwide, the equivalent of every person in Reno catching the virus in less than a week.Over the first five days of July, the United States reported its three largest daily case totals. Fourteen states recorded single-day highs. In all, more than 250,000 new cases were announced nationwide, the equivalent of every person in Reno catching the virus in less than a week.
“The situation is that we are experiencing rampant community spread,” said Clay Jenkins, the top elected official in Dallas County, Texas, where more than 2,000 new cases were announced over the weekend. Mr. Jenkins pleaded with residents to “move from selfishness to sacrifice” and wear a mask in public.“The situation is that we are experiencing rampant community spread,” said Clay Jenkins, the top elected official in Dallas County, Texas, where more than 2,000 new cases were announced over the weekend. Mr. Jenkins pleaded with residents to “move from selfishness to sacrifice” and wear a mask in public.
Across much of the country, the outlook was worsening quickly.Across much of the country, the outlook was worsening quickly.
In Mississippi, where nearly every county has reported an uptick in cases, the speaker of the State House of Representatives was among several lawmakers to test positive. The governor of Mississippi, Tate Reeves, announced that he would isolate while awaiting test results for the virus after he was “briefly in contact” with a lawmaker there who tested positive.In Mississippi, where nearly every county has reported an uptick in cases, the speaker of the State House of Representatives was among several lawmakers to test positive. The governor of Mississippi, Tate Reeves, announced that he would isolate while awaiting test results for the virus after he was “briefly in contact” with a lawmaker there who tested positive.
New case clusters emerged as people resumed their pre-pandemic routines. At least 16 infections were linked to a church in San Antonio. In Missouri, a summer camp shut down after more than 40 people, including campers and employees, tested positive.New case clusters emerged as people resumed their pre-pandemic routines. At least 16 infections were linked to a church in San Antonio. In Missouri, a summer camp shut down after more than 40 people, including campers and employees, tested positive.
But the move toward reopening continues. Some federal workers are heading back to their offices in the Washington area, where confirmed infections have held steady or declined.But the move toward reopening continues. Some federal workers are heading back to their offices in the Washington area, where confirmed infections have held steady or declined.
Jair Bolsonaro, the Brazilian president and noted coronavirus skeptic, said Monday night that he had gone to the hospital for a lung scan and would take a new test for the virus.Jair Bolsonaro, the Brazilian president and noted coronavirus skeptic, said Monday night that he had gone to the hospital for a lung scan and would take a new test for the virus.
Mr. Bolsonaro took those steps after developing symptoms of Covid-19, including a fever and abnormal blood oxygen level, according to a report from CNN Brasil.Mr. Bolsonaro took those steps after developing symptoms of Covid-19, including a fever and abnormal blood oxygen level, according to a report from CNN Brasil.
Even as several of his aides tested positive for the virus in recent months, the president often rejected precautions like wearing a mask wearing and social distancing, most recently at a luncheon on Saturday hosted by the American ambassador to Brazil to celebrate the Fourth of July.Even as several of his aides tested positive for the virus in recent months, the president often rejected precautions like wearing a mask wearing and social distancing, most recently at a luncheon on Saturday hosted by the American ambassador to Brazil to celebrate the Fourth of July.
A photo taken during the lunch and posted on Twitter by Foreign Minister Ernesto Araújo shows the president sitting next to the American ambassador, Todd Chapman, giving a thumbs-up sign at a table decorated with an American flag design.A photo taken during the lunch and posted on Twitter by Foreign Minister Ernesto Araújo shows the president sitting next to the American ambassador, Todd Chapman, giving a thumbs-up sign at a table decorated with an American flag design.
The president’s office and the foreign ministry did not immediately respond to emails about the president’s health.The president’s office and the foreign ministry did not immediately respond to emails about the president’s health.
While he awaits the test results, Mr. Bolsonaro, who is 65, cleared his schedule on Tuesday, according to several Brazilian press reports.While he awaits the test results, Mr. Bolsonaro, who is 65, cleared his schedule on Tuesday, according to several Brazilian press reports.
When he returned to the presidential palace on Tuesday evening, Mr. Bolsonaro told a group of supporters that his lung scan looked “clean” and that “everything was OK.”When he returned to the presidential palace on Tuesday evening, Mr. Bolsonaro told a group of supporters that his lung scan looked “clean” and that “everything was OK.”
Mr. Bolsonaro has come under criticism for his cavalier handling of the pandemic, even as Brazil’s caseload and death toll ballooned in recent months. Brazil’s 1.6 million diagnosed cases and more than 64,000 deaths make it the second hardest-hit country, trailing only the United States.Mr. Bolsonaro has come under criticism for his cavalier handling of the pandemic, even as Brazil’s caseload and death toll ballooned in recent months. Brazil’s 1.6 million diagnosed cases and more than 64,000 deaths make it the second hardest-hit country, trailing only the United States.
At least two Texas sheriffs say that they won’t enforce the order that Gov. Greg Abbott of Texas issued last week requiring Texans to wear face masks in public.At least two Texas sheriffs say that they won’t enforce the order that Gov. Greg Abbott of Texas issued last week requiring Texans to wear face masks in public.
The sheriffs of Gillespie County, west of Austin, and suburban Montgomery County, north of Houston, announced that their departments did not intend to comply.The sheriffs of Gillespie County, west of Austin, and suburban Montgomery County, north of Houston, announced that their departments did not intend to comply.
Mr. Abbott’s mask order was a sharp reversal that underscored the severity of the coronavirus outbreak in Texas, after he had previously blocked municipalities from taking similar actions. But as the average number of Texans hospitalized for the virus has tripled since late May, Mr. Abbott described the order as a necessary step to avoid thrusting the state back into lockdown.Mr. Abbott’s mask order was a sharp reversal that underscored the severity of the coronavirus outbreak in Texas, after he had previously blocked municipalities from taking similar actions. But as the average number of Texans hospitalized for the virus has tripled since late May, Mr. Abbott described the order as a necessary step to avoid thrusting the state back into lockdown.
The governor’s order directs Texans in counties with 20 or more cases to wear face masks in public and provides for fines of up to $250 per violation, but no jail time. Gillespie County Sheriff Buddy Mills and Montgomery County Sheriff Rand Henderson argued that the governor’s order “strips law enforcement” of the tools needed to enforce compliance by prohibiting detention, arrest or confinement.The governor’s order directs Texans in counties with 20 or more cases to wear face masks in public and provides for fines of up to $250 per violation, but no jail time. Gillespie County Sheriff Buddy Mills and Montgomery County Sheriff Rand Henderson argued that the governor’s order “strips law enforcement” of the tools needed to enforce compliance by prohibiting detention, arrest or confinement.
A number of Republicans have changed their views on masks in recent days as the virus has surged in the South and the Sun Belt.A number of Republicans have changed their views on masks in recent days as the virus has surged in the South and the Sun Belt.
Gov. Jim Justice of West Virginia issued an order Monday requiring people 9 and over to wear masks in indoor public places where social distancing cannot be maintained. The state reported 130 new cases on July 5, a single-day record, according to a New York Times database.Gov. Jim Justice of West Virginia issued an order Monday requiring people 9 and over to wear masks in indoor public places where social distancing cannot be maintained. The state reported 130 new cases on July 5, a single-day record, according to a New York Times database.
And, in a reversal, President Trump’s campaign said Monday that it would “strongly” encourage people to wear the masks it plans to distribute at an outdoor rally scheduled for Saturday evening in Portsmouth, N.H. The event will be the first since Mr. Trump’s arena rally in Tulsa, Okla., last month, which drew criticism for not imposing virus restrictions, including mask wearing and social-distancing measures.And, in a reversal, President Trump’s campaign said Monday that it would “strongly” encourage people to wear the masks it plans to distribute at an outdoor rally scheduled for Saturday evening in Portsmouth, N.H. The event will be the first since Mr. Trump’s arena rally in Tulsa, Okla., last month, which drew criticism for not imposing virus restrictions, including mask wearing and social-distancing measures.
Several attendees of the event, including Herman Cain, the former Republican presidential contender, as well as aides who had worked to organize the rally, tested positive for the virus.Several attendees of the event, including Herman Cain, the former Republican presidential contender, as well as aides who had worked to organize the rally, tested positive for the virus.
Mr. Trump has resisted wearing a mask, even as a growing chorus of public officials, including his administration’s public health experts have advocated doing so.Mr. Trump has resisted wearing a mask, even as a growing chorus of public officials, including his administration’s public health experts have advocated doing so.
The decision came as Senator Charles E. Grassley of Iowa, 86, told reporters that he would not attend the Republican National Convention in August because of concerns about the virus — the first time in 40 years he has not attended the party gathering.The decision came as Senator Charles E. Grassley of Iowa, 86, told reporters that he would not attend the Republican National Convention in August because of concerns about the virus — the first time in 40 years he has not attended the party gathering.
In the early months of the nation’s outbreak, testing posed a significant problem, as supplies fell far short and officials raced to understand how to best handle the virus. Since then, the United States has vastly ramped up its testing capability, conducting nearly 15 million tests in June, about three times as many as it had in April.In the early months of the nation’s outbreak, testing posed a significant problem, as supplies fell far short and officials raced to understand how to best handle the virus. Since then, the United States has vastly ramped up its testing capability, conducting nearly 15 million tests in June, about three times as many as it had in April.
But in recent weeks, as cases have surged in many states, the demand for testing has soared, surpassing capacity and creating a new testing crisis.But in recent weeks, as cases have surged in many states, the demand for testing has soared, surpassing capacity and creating a new testing crisis.
In many cities, officials said a combination of factors was now fueling the problem: a shortage of certain supplies, backlogs at laboratories that process the tests, and skyrocketing growth of the virus as cases climb in almost 40 states.In many cities, officials said a combination of factors was now fueling the problem: a shortage of certain supplies, backlogs at laboratories that process the tests, and skyrocketing growth of the virus as cases climb in almost 40 states.
Fast, widely available testing is crucial to controlling the virus over the long term in the United States, experts say, particularly as the country reopens. With a virus that can spread through asymptomatic people, screening large numbers of people is seen as essential to identifying those who are carrying the virus.Fast, widely available testing is crucial to controlling the virus over the long term in the United States, experts say, particularly as the country reopens. With a virus that can spread through asymptomatic people, screening large numbers of people is seen as essential to identifying those who are carrying the virus.
Testing in the United States has not kept pace with other countries, notably in Asia, which have been more aggressive. When there was an outbreak in Wuhan last month, for instance, Chinese officials tested 6.5 million people in a matter of days.Testing in the United States has not kept pace with other countries, notably in Asia, which have been more aggressive. When there was an outbreak in Wuhan last month, for instance, Chinese officials tested 6.5 million people in a matter of days.
In Arizona, where reported cases have grown to more than 100,000, a shortage of testing has alarmed local officials, who say they feel ill equipped to help residents on their own.In Arizona, where reported cases have grown to more than 100,000, a shortage of testing has alarmed local officials, who say they feel ill equipped to help residents on their own.
“The United States of America needs a more robust national testing strategy,” Mayor Kate Gallego of Phoenix said in an interview.“The United States of America needs a more robust national testing strategy,” Mayor Kate Gallego of Phoenix said in an interview.
U.S. ROUNDUPU.S. ROUNDUP
Mayor Keisha Lance Bottoms of Atlanta said on Monday that she tested positive for the coronavirus without any symptoms, yet another bump during months of tumult for the mayor and her city.Mayor Keisha Lance Bottoms of Atlanta said on Monday that she tested positive for the coronavirus without any symptoms, yet another bump during months of tumult for the mayor and her city.
Writing on Twitter, Ms. Bottoms said the virus “has literally hit home.” Ms. Bottoms, who has walked with Black Lives Matter protesters, has gained a larger national profile as Atlanta became a focal point for the debate over race relations and policing after the fatal shooting of Rayshard Brooks.Writing on Twitter, Ms. Bottoms said the virus “has literally hit home.” Ms. Bottoms, who has walked with Black Lives Matter protesters, has gained a larger national profile as Atlanta became a focal point for the debate over race relations and policing after the fatal shooting of Rayshard Brooks.
The news of her infection prompted an outpouring of support for the mayor on social media, including from Susan Rice, a former national security adviser who is considered a potential vice president pick for former Vice President Joseph R. Biden Jr., along with Ms. Bottoms.The news of her infection prompted an outpouring of support for the mayor on social media, including from Susan Rice, a former national security adviser who is considered a potential vice president pick for former Vice President Joseph R. Biden Jr., along with Ms. Bottoms.
Here’s what else is happening around the country:Here’s what else is happening around the country:
In Florida, schools will open for the fall after the state’s education commissioner issued an emergency order on Monday mandating them to do so. All schools must be open “at least five days per week for all students” upon reopening in August, said Richard Corcoran’s order. The move comes as Florida continues to see accelerated rates of coronavirus infections. In Miami-Dade County, Mayor Carlos A. Gimenez signed an executive order rolling back some business openings, including shuttering party halls and venues as part of an effort to crack down on graduation parties and other group events.In Florida, schools will open for the fall after the state’s education commissioner issued an emergency order on Monday mandating them to do so. All schools must be open “at least five days per week for all students” upon reopening in August, said Richard Corcoran’s order. The move comes as Florida continues to see accelerated rates of coronavirus infections. In Miami-Dade County, Mayor Carlos A. Gimenez signed an executive order rolling back some business openings, including shuttering party halls and venues as part of an effort to crack down on graduation parties and other group events.
Early numbers found that Black and Latino people were being harmed by the coronavirus at higher rates, but new federal data — made available after The New York Times sued the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention — reveals a clearer and more complete picture: Black and Latino people have been disproportionately affected across the United States, throughout hundreds of counties in urban, suburban and rural areas, and across all age groups.Early numbers found that Black and Latino people were being harmed by the coronavirus at higher rates, but new federal data — made available after The New York Times sued the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention — reveals a clearer and more complete picture: Black and Latino people have been disproportionately affected across the United States, throughout hundreds of counties in urban, suburban and rural areas, and across all age groups.
Major League Baseball triumphantly declared on Monday that it would announce a 60-game schedule. Around the same time, the two teams from last year’s World Series, the Washington Nationals and the Houston Astros, were canceling their Monday workouts for safety reasons — and blaming M.L.B.Major League Baseball triumphantly declared on Monday that it would announce a 60-game schedule. Around the same time, the two teams from last year’s World Series, the Washington Nationals and the Houston Astros, were canceling their Monday workouts for safety reasons — and blaming M.L.B.
The reason for the holdup was a delay in receiving the results of the coronavirus tests both teams took on Friday. The Oakland Athletics’ tests, too, had not even been delivered to the M.L.B. laboratory in Utah as of Sunday night. The St. Louis Cardinals also canceled their workout Monday because of the testing delay.The reason for the holdup was a delay in receiving the results of the coronavirus tests both teams took on Friday. The Oakland Athletics’ tests, too, had not even been delivered to the M.L.B. laboratory in Utah as of Sunday night. The St. Louis Cardinals also canceled their workout Monday because of the testing delay.
“The season, it’s not on my radar, really,” Craig Counsell, the manager of the Brewers, told reporters in Milwaukee. “This is on my radar: It’s keeping everybody healthy and safe and doing the best we can at that job.”“The season, it’s not on my radar, really,” Craig Counsell, the manager of the Brewers, told reporters in Milwaukee. “This is on my radar: It’s keeping everybody healthy and safe and doing the best we can at that job.”
M.L.B. is trying to find its way in the grim new reality of pandemic life. The coaches and some players wear masks, news media access is severely limited, and everyone practices social distancing as much as possible. There is no recent blueprint to follow, no foolproof protocol for administering nearly 4,000 tests last week.M.L.B. is trying to find its way in the grim new reality of pandemic life. The coaches and some players wear masks, news media access is severely limited, and everyone practices social distancing as much as possible. There is no recent blueprint to follow, no foolproof protocol for administering nearly 4,000 tests last week.
Still, it is hard to excuse the delay, and it has given the players yet another reason to distrust Rob Manfred, the M.L.B. commissioner.Still, it is hard to excuse the delay, and it has given the players yet another reason to distrust Rob Manfred, the M.L.B. commissioner.
“We will not sacrifice the health and safety of our players, staff and their families,” The Nationals general manager, Mike Rizzo said in a statement on Monday. “Without accurate and timely testing, it is simply not safe for us to continue with summer camp.”“We will not sacrifice the health and safety of our players, staff and their families,” The Nationals general manager, Mike Rizzo said in a statement on Monday. “Without accurate and timely testing, it is simply not safe for us to continue with summer camp.”
Elsewhere in the worlds of sports and culture:Elsewhere in the worlds of sports and culture:
The National Hockey League and its players union announced on Monday that the two groups reached a pivotal agreement that paves the way for hockey to resume play amid the coronavirus pandemic. As part of the deal, the sides set dates for the so-called Phase 3 and 4 of a return to play protocol. The start of formal training camps is slated for July 13, with teams traveling to two hub cities starting July 26. The league reportedly selected Edmonton and Toronto as the two so-called hub cities that will host its proposed return to play, but is awaiting approval from the players union.The National Hockey League and its players union announced on Monday that the two groups reached a pivotal agreement that paves the way for hockey to resume play amid the coronavirus pandemic. As part of the deal, the sides set dates for the so-called Phase 3 and 4 of a return to play protocol. The start of formal training camps is slated for July 13, with teams traveling to two hub cities starting July 26. The league reportedly selected Edmonton and Toronto as the two so-called hub cities that will host its proposed return to play, but is awaiting approval from the players union.
FC Dallas pulled out of Major League Soccer’s tournament in Florida after 10 players and a staff member tested positive for the coronavirus, M.L.S. officials announced on Monday. The positive tests appeared after the team arrived in Orlando, Fla., on July 1, where the tournament starts July 8.FC Dallas pulled out of Major League Soccer’s tournament in Florida after 10 players and a staff member tested positive for the coronavirus, M.L.S. officials announced on Monday. The positive tests appeared after the team arrived in Orlando, Fla., on July 1, where the tournament starts July 8.
The PGA Tour’s Memorial Tournament, scheduled for next week in central Ohio, has canceled plans to have fans at the tournament. The rise in virus cases nationwide, and in Ohio, were the primary factors in the decision.The PGA Tour’s Memorial Tournament, scheduled for next week in central Ohio, has canceled plans to have fans at the tournament. The rise in virus cases nationwide, and in Ohio, were the primary factors in the decision.
The Louvre, the world’s most-visited museum, reopened on Monday, ending a 16-week shutdown that resulted in a loss of more than 40 million euros, or about $45 million, in ticket sales. On Monday, about 7,000 visitors had booked tickets, compared with the 30,000 daily visitors who toured the Louvre before the pandemic.The Louvre, the world’s most-visited museum, reopened on Monday, ending a 16-week shutdown that resulted in a loss of more than 40 million euros, or about $45 million, in ticket sales. On Monday, about 7,000 visitors had booked tickets, compared with the 30,000 daily visitors who toured the Louvre before the pandemic.
Nick Cordero, a musical theater actor whose intimidating height and effortless charm brought him a series of tough-guy roles on Broadway, died Sunday at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, three months after he was hospitalized with Covid-19. The Broadway star died from the coronavirus, despite being just 41 and in apparent good health. Cases like his, experts said, are growing.Nick Cordero, a musical theater actor whose intimidating height and effortless charm brought him a series of tough-guy roles on Broadway, died Sunday at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, three months after he was hospitalized with Covid-19. The Broadway star died from the coronavirus, despite being just 41 and in apparent good health. Cases like his, experts said, are growing.
For the first time since the pandemic erupted, Actors’ Equity is agreeing to allow a few of its members to perform onstage. The union said it had given the green light to two summer shows in the Berkshires region of Western Massachusetts: an outdoor production of the musical “Godspell,” and an indoor production of the solo show “Harry Clarke.”For the first time since the pandemic erupted, Actors’ Equity is agreeing to allow a few of its members to perform onstage. The union said it had given the green light to two summer shows in the Berkshires region of Western Massachusetts: an outdoor production of the musical “Godspell,” and an indoor production of the solo show “Harry Clarke.”
Britain’s arts sector, largely shuttered since March because of the pandemic, is being given a lifeline through what Prime Minister Boris Johnson described as a “world-leading” rescue package for cultural and heritage institutions, which will be given 1.57 billion pounds, about $2 billion.Britain’s arts sector, largely shuttered since March because of the pandemic, is being given a lifeline through what Prime Minister Boris Johnson described as a “world-leading” rescue package for cultural and heritage institutions, which will be given 1.57 billion pounds, about $2 billion.
EDUCATION ROUNDUPEDUCATION ROUNDUP
Harvard University announced Monday that only up to 40 percent of its undergraduates would be allowed on campus at a time during the next academic year, but that tuition and fees would remain the same.Harvard University announced Monday that only up to 40 percent of its undergraduates would be allowed on campus at a time during the next academic year, but that tuition and fees would remain the same.
The university said that all first-year students would be invited to campus for the fall semester, but would be sent home in the spring to allow seniors to return before they graduate. Some students whose home environments are not conducive to learning will also be invited to return to campus.The university said that all first-year students would be invited to campus for the fall semester, but would be sent home in the spring to allow seniors to return before they graduate. Some students whose home environments are not conducive to learning will also be invited to return to campus.
While room and board costs will be waived for students learning from home, the university said, tuition and fees will remain the same, whether students are studying on-campus or off. (It had previously announced that tuition for the year would be $49,653 and fees would be $4,314.)While room and board costs will be waived for students learning from home, the university said, tuition and fees will remain the same, whether students are studying on-campus or off. (It had previously announced that tuition for the year would be $49,653 and fees would be $4,314.)
But the university offered a summer term next year of two tuition-free courses for all students who had to study away from campus for the full academic year.But the university offered a summer term next year of two tuition-free courses for all students who had to study away from campus for the full academic year.
All classes will be online, even for those students living on campus.All classes will be online, even for those students living on campus.
Returning students will live in single bedrooms with a shared bathroom. The university said they will be required to sign a “community compact” agreeing to health measures like viral testing every three days.Returning students will live in single bedrooms with a shared bathroom. The university said they will be required to sign a “community compact” agreeing to health measures like viral testing every three days.
Preference was given to first-year students so they could have “the opportunity to adjust to college academics and to begin to create connections with faculty and other classmates,” the announcement said.Preference was given to first-year students so they could have “the opportunity to adjust to college academics and to begin to create connections with faculty and other classmates,” the announcement said.
As with many other colleges, Harvard said that students would move out of their campus residence halls before Thanksgiving and complete the semester from home.As with many other colleges, Harvard said that students would move out of their campus residence halls before Thanksgiving and complete the semester from home.
Harvard officials acknowledged that sophomores and juniors would be disappointed by the decision. The university said it had trained a special team to advise upperclassmen who were thinking of taking a leave of absence because of the disruption in their education.Harvard officials acknowledged that sophomores and juniors would be disappointed by the decision. The university said it had trained a special team to advise upperclassmen who were thinking of taking a leave of absence because of the disruption in their education.
The university said it had made the decision in light of the recent spike in Covid-19 cases in some states, particularly among young people.The university said it had made the decision in light of the recent spike in Covid-19 cases in some states, particularly among young people.
Colleges and universities around the nation are grappling with when and how to reopen. Here’s a look at other developmentsColleges and universities around the nation are grappling with when and how to reopen. Here’s a look at other developments
Immigration authorities announced Monday they would discontinue exceptions to visa requirements that are currently allowing international students studying at American universities to attend all of their classes online. As a result of the change in policy, foreign students whose college campuses will not reopen for the fall semester will be required to return to their home countries, as their visas will no longer be considered valid. More than a million international students were issued visas to study in the United States last year. Many come from families that sacrificed greatly — selling homes and skipping meals to pay for an American education that can dramatically change the trajectory of their lives.Immigration authorities announced Monday they would discontinue exceptions to visa requirements that are currently allowing international students studying at American universities to attend all of their classes online. As a result of the change in policy, foreign students whose college campuses will not reopen for the fall semester will be required to return to their home countries, as their visas will no longer be considered valid. More than a million international students were issued visas to study in the United States last year. Many come from families that sacrificed greatly — selling homes and skipping meals to pay for an American education that can dramatically change the trajectory of their lives.
More than 850 members of the Georgia Tech faculty have signed a letter opposing the school’s reopening plans for the fall, under which wearing face masks on campus would not be mandatory but only “strongly encouraged.” The Montana University System is also facing pushback from the faculty over its mask policy.More than 850 members of the Georgia Tech faculty have signed a letter opposing the school’s reopening plans for the fall, under which wearing face masks on campus would not be mandatory but only “strongly encouraged.” The Montana University System is also facing pushback from the faculty over its mask policy.
President Trump on Monday said that schools “must” reopen in the fall and asserted without proof that Democrats, including his presidential rival Joseph R. Biden Jr., wanted them to stay shuttered “for political reasons.”President Trump on Monday said that schools “must” reopen in the fall and asserted without proof that Democrats, including his presidential rival Joseph R. Biden Jr., wanted them to stay shuttered “for political reasons.”
A $222 million state program to help young South Carolina students catch up on their reading and math comes with a big string attached: school districts were told last week that they would only receive money for face-to-face programs, not online instruction. With the recent resurgence of coronavirus cases in the state, many school administrators are worried about the risk of spreading the virus among students and teachers. But few districts have the resources to hold virtual summer school without state aid.A $222 million state program to help young South Carolina students catch up on their reading and math comes with a big string attached: school districts were told last week that they would only receive money for face-to-face programs, not online instruction. With the recent resurgence of coronavirus cases in the state, many school administrators are worried about the risk of spreading the virus among students and teachers. But few districts have the resources to hold virtual summer school without state aid.
Gov. Gavin Newsom of California said Monday that the state was cracking down on businesses that violate virus-related restrictions, inspecting nearly 6,000 businesses over the holiday weekend. More than 50 were cited, the governor said.Gov. Gavin Newsom of California said Monday that the state was cracking down on businesses that violate virus-related restrictions, inspecting nearly 6,000 businesses over the holiday weekend. More than 50 were cited, the governor said.
“The overwhelming majority of people were doing the right thing,” Mr. Newsom said.“The overwhelming majority of people were doing the right thing,” Mr. Newsom said.
With infections surging in the state, the governor last week reversed his reopening plan, closing down indoor operations of many businesses in the hardest-hit counties. The number of counties placed on the state’s “watch list” for their rising case loads increased to 23 from 19 last week, the governor said.With infections surging in the state, the governor last week reversed his reopening plan, closing down indoor operations of many businesses in the hardest-hit counties. The number of counties placed on the state’s “watch list” for their rising case loads increased to 23 from 19 last week, the governor said.
There have been at least 272,000 cases in California, according to a New York Times database, second only to New York State. As of Monday, 6,369 people there had died.There have been at least 272,000 cases in California, according to a New York Times database, second only to New York State. As of Monday, 6,369 people there had died.
Testing has increased to more than 100,000 a day, but the overall positivity rate of those tested has also increased by more than a third, reaching an average of 7.2 percent positive tests over the past week, according to state data. Hospitalizations are up by 50 percent in California over the past two weeks, and in some southern counties, hospitals are at capacity.Testing has increased to more than 100,000 a day, but the overall positivity rate of those tested has also increased by more than a third, reaching an average of 7.2 percent positive tests over the past week, according to state data. Hospitalizations are up by 50 percent in California over the past two weeks, and in some southern counties, hospitals are at capacity.
But overall, California is using just 8 percent of its hospital beds for coronavirus patients.But overall, California is using just 8 percent of its hospital beds for coronavirus patients.
“We still have ample hospital capacity in our system,” Mr. Newsom said.“We still have ample hospital capacity in our system,” Mr. Newsom said.
The California Capitol building was closed Monday as a number of people, including one lawmaker, were confirmed to have contracted the coronavirus. Autumn Burke, an assemblywoman representing Los Angeles, reported on Twitter that she tested positive for the virus on July 4 and had no symptoms. The decision to close the Capitol was made a day earlier, on Friday, when the leadership of the legislature learned that two other people who work in the building were confirmed to have the virus.The California Capitol building was closed Monday as a number of people, including one lawmaker, were confirmed to have contracted the coronavirus. Autumn Burke, an assemblywoman representing Los Angeles, reported on Twitter that she tested positive for the virus on July 4 and had no symptoms. The decision to close the Capitol was made a day earlier, on Friday, when the leadership of the legislature learned that two other people who work in the building were confirmed to have the virus.
Katie Talbot, a spokeswoman for Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon, said the Capitol would be cleaned and sanitized during the closure. “Additionally, to help protect health and safety at the Capitol, legislative recess has been extended until further notice,” she wrote in an e-mail.Katie Talbot, a spokeswoman for Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon, said the Capitol would be cleaned and sanitized during the closure. “Additionally, to help protect health and safety at the Capitol, legislative recess has been extended until further notice,” she wrote in an e-mail.
GLOBAL ROUNDUPGLOBAL ROUNDUP
With the virus roaring back and positive test results reaching new heights, the Israeli government on Monday ratcheted up its restrictions, closing bars, gyms and public swimming pools, curtailing gatherings in restaurants, synagogues and buses and canceling summer camps for all but the youngest children.With the virus roaring back and positive test results reaching new heights, the Israeli government on Monday ratcheted up its restrictions, closing bars, gyms and public swimming pools, curtailing gatherings in restaurants, synagogues and buses and canceling summer camps for all but the youngest children.
Separately, Israel’s largest airline, El Al, agreed to a government bailout that will provide it with a $250 million infusion but could allow it to be nationalized depending on the proceeds of a separate public stock offering. The airline was barely still operating when it put its last 500 crew members on unpaid leave last week.Separately, Israel’s largest airline, El Al, agreed to a government bailout that will provide it with a $250 million infusion but could allow it to be nationalized depending on the proceeds of a separate public stock offering. The airline was barely still operating when it put its last 500 crew members on unpaid leave last week.
Israel had fared relatively well in the early days of the pandemic after closing its borders. But lax compliance and erratic action by a government rushing to revive the battered economy sent numbers spiking last week. The number of daily positive tests reached 781 on June 30, a new high, and 1,138 on Thursday.Israel had fared relatively well in the early days of the pandemic after closing its borders. But lax compliance and erratic action by a government rushing to revive the battered economy sent numbers spiking last week. The number of daily positive tests reached 781 on June 30, a new high, and 1,138 on Thursday.
The prime minister’s office said government offices would require at least 30 percent of their staff members to work from home. No more than 20 people will be allowed on public buses and in indoor restaurants. Outdoor restaurants may seat up to 30. Some of the measures require Parliament’s approval, but others can be imposed by fiat.The prime minister’s office said government offices would require at least 30 percent of their staff members to work from home. No more than 20 people will be allowed on public buses and in indoor restaurants. Outdoor restaurants may seat up to 30. Some of the measures require Parliament’s approval, but others can be imposed by fiat.
Israel news media reported that government ministers vigorously debated the new restrictions, with the health minister warning that the number of cases could double in a week given Israelis’ failure to follow instructions and an ultra-Orthodox minister demanding that synagogues be left alone. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu warned that Israel was “a step away from a full lockdown,” according to local reports.Israel news media reported that government ministers vigorously debated the new restrictions, with the health minister warning that the number of cases could double in a week given Israelis’ failure to follow instructions and an ultra-Orthodox minister demanding that synagogues be left alone. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu warned that Israel was “a step away from a full lockdown,” according to local reports.
In other news from around the world:In other news from around the world:
Prime Minister Justin Trudeau confirmed on Monday he won’t attend a meeting in Washington this week with President Donald Trump and President Andrés Manuel López Obrador of Mexico, blaming his absence on scheduling conflicts. But since the coronavirus pandemic reached Canada, the prime minister has become the country’s model for following new medical guidelines on virus-spreading prevention, which include wearing a mask and avoiding travel. The meeting was meant to celebrate the official start of the new trade deal between the three countries — the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (U.S.M.C.A.).Prime Minister Justin Trudeau confirmed on Monday he won’t attend a meeting in Washington this week with President Donald Trump and President Andrés Manuel López Obrador of Mexico, blaming his absence on scheduling conflicts. But since the coronavirus pandemic reached Canada, the prime minister has become the country’s model for following new medical guidelines on virus-spreading prevention, which include wearing a mask and avoiding travel. The meeting was meant to celebrate the official start of the new trade deal between the three countries — the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (U.S.M.C.A.).
The Dominican Republic, which has been slammed by the coronavirus pandemic, elected on Sunday a businessman who has never held elected office as president, ending a 16-year hold on the presidency by a center-left party. The president-elect, Luis Rodolfo Abinader, defeated Gonzalo Castillo of the Dominican Liberation Party, The Associated Press reported. Mr. Abinader spent most of the past month in isolation after testing positive for the coronavirus. The Caribbean nation of 10.5 million people has been hit hard by the pandemic, with at least 37,000 cases and nearly 800 deaths. Sunday’s elections had been postponed from May because of the disease.The Dominican Republic, which has been slammed by the coronavirus pandemic, elected on Sunday a businessman who has never held elected office as president, ending a 16-year hold on the presidency by a center-left party. The president-elect, Luis Rodolfo Abinader, defeated Gonzalo Castillo of the Dominican Liberation Party, The Associated Press reported. Mr. Abinader spent most of the past month in isolation after testing positive for the coronavirus. The Caribbean nation of 10.5 million people has been hit hard by the pandemic, with at least 37,000 cases and nearly 800 deaths. Sunday’s elections had been postponed from May because of the disease.
Families in many Arab countries rely on millions of low-paid workers from Southeast Asia and Africa to drive their cars, clean their homes and care for their children and elderly relatives under conditions that rights groups have long said allow exploitation and abuse. Now, the pandemic and associated economic downturns have exacerbated these dangers. Many families will not let housekeepers leave the house, fearing they will bring back the virus, while requiring more of them since entire families are staying home, workers’ advocates say.Families in many Arab countries rely on millions of low-paid workers from Southeast Asia and Africa to drive their cars, clean their homes and care for their children and elderly relatives under conditions that rights groups have long said allow exploitation and abuse. Now, the pandemic and associated economic downturns have exacerbated these dangers. Many families will not let housekeepers leave the house, fearing they will bring back the virus, while requiring more of them since entire families are staying home, workers’ advocates say.
About 270,000 people in Spain have re-entered lockdown, after the country officially ended its state of emergency on June 21. Emergency measures went into effect over the weekend in the Galicia region of northwestern Spain, as well as in the northeastern region of Catalonia, around the city of Lleida. The Catalan authorities anticipated that the Lleida lockdown would last two weeks, while officials in Galicia said theirs would be limited to five days, which would also allow residents to vote on Sunday in regional elections.About 270,000 people in Spain have re-entered lockdown, after the country officially ended its state of emergency on June 21. Emergency measures went into effect over the weekend in the Galicia region of northwestern Spain, as well as in the northeastern region of Catalonia, around the city of Lleida. The Catalan authorities anticipated that the Lleida lockdown would last two weeks, while officials in Galicia said theirs would be limited to five days, which would also allow residents to vote on Sunday in regional elections.
Officials in India postponed the reopening of the Taj Mahal this week. The number of cases in the country started to rapidly rise several weeks ago after the government began lifting a lockdown imposed in March, and some cities have already reinstated tough rules to keep their caseloads down. India has reported about 700,000 confirmed infections and nearly 20,000 deaths as of Monday.Officials in India postponed the reopening of the Taj Mahal this week. The number of cases in the country started to rapidly rise several weeks ago after the government began lifting a lockdown imposed in March, and some cities have already reinstated tough rules to keep their caseloads down. India has reported about 700,000 confirmed infections and nearly 20,000 deaths as of Monday.
Mayor Bill de Blasio wants to reopen New York City’s 1,800 public schools this September, but what that will actually look like could vary greatly between schools, as Eliza Shapiro reports.Mayor Bill de Blasio wants to reopen New York City’s 1,800 public schools this September, but what that will actually look like could vary greatly between schools, as Eliza Shapiro reports.
The city’s 1.1 million students will almost certainly not return to their classrooms full time.The city’s 1.1 million students will almost certainly not return to their classrooms full time.
Some might physically attend school a few times a week, or one week out of every two, and continue their classes online the rest of the time. Math and English classes could be held in cafeterias or gyms, where there is room to spread out. And students may be asked to keep their distance from one another in once-packed hallways and schoolyards.Some might physically attend school a few times a week, or one week out of every two, and continue their classes online the rest of the time. Math and English classes could be held in cafeterias or gyms, where there is room to spread out. And students may be asked to keep their distance from one another in once-packed hallways and schoolyards.
Mr. de Blasio is expected to announce more details of his plans in the coming days, but the specifics for each school will largely be worked out by principals, who will have to determine the best approach based on their institution’s physical limits and staffing. An extremely overcrowded school in Queens, for example, could have three or more cohorts of students who cycle in and out of the building on alternating days or weeks.Mr. de Blasio is expected to announce more details of his plans in the coming days, but the specifics for each school will largely be worked out by principals, who will have to determine the best approach based on their institution’s physical limits and staffing. An extremely overcrowded school in Queens, for example, could have three or more cohorts of students who cycle in and out of the building on alternating days or weeks.
Political, logistical, staffing and budgetary issues loom, and some parents, students and teachers dread returning to the classroom.Political, logistical, staffing and budgetary issues loom, and some parents, students and teachers dread returning to the classroom.
Still, most city parents — about 75 percent — are tentatively willing to send their children back to school in some capacity, according to a survey conducted by the Department of Education. But only 28 percent of the roughly 400,000 parents who answered the survey said they were “very” comfortable with doing so. Families who do not wish to return could opt for full-time remote learning.Still, most city parents — about 75 percent — are tentatively willing to send their children back to school in some capacity, according to a survey conducted by the Department of Education. But only 28 percent of the roughly 400,000 parents who answered the survey said they were “very” comfortable with doing so. Families who do not wish to return could opt for full-time remote learning.
Although New York’s task is enormously complex, other school districts and colleges across the country are grappling with many of the same questions about how to safely reopen.Although New York’s task is enormously complex, other school districts and colleges across the country are grappling with many of the same questions about how to safely reopen.
On Monday, the city took a tentative yet symbolic step toward normalcy, when personal-care services and some outdoor recreation were allowed to resume.On Monday, the city took a tentative yet symbolic step toward normalcy, when personal-care services and some outdoor recreation were allowed to resume.
The businesses allowed to reopen include tanning salons, massage centers and spas. The city is also reopening outdoor basketball, tennis, volleyball and handball courts, providing new recreation opportunities during the summer. Public beaches are now open for swimming, and dogs will get their opportunity for more exercise as dog runs reopen.The businesses allowed to reopen include tanning salons, massage centers and spas. The city is also reopening outdoor basketball, tennis, volleyball and handball courts, providing new recreation opportunities during the summer. Public beaches are now open for swimming, and dogs will get their opportunity for more exercise as dog runs reopen.
For the city, the third phase of the state’s reopening plan was narrower in scope than previous stages, but it marked the return of nonessential services that promised to bring some jobs back and offer a balm to New Yorkers unnerved by virus-related fears and economic woes.For the city, the third phase of the state’s reopening plan was narrower in scope than previous stages, but it marked the return of nonessential services that promised to bring some jobs back and offer a balm to New Yorkers unnerved by virus-related fears and economic woes.
But concerned by the rising caseload in other states that have eased restrictions, New York officials decided last week to delay the resumption of indoor dining in the city, even though restaurants elsewhere in the state can welcome diners inside, with occupancy limits, during Phase 3.But concerned by the rising caseload in other states that have eased restrictions, New York officials decided last week to delay the resumption of indoor dining in the city, even though restaurants elsewhere in the state can welcome diners inside, with occupancy limits, during Phase 3.
SCIENCE ROUNDUPSCIENCE ROUNDUP
Researchers around the world are working on the next generation of coronavirus tests that give answers in less than an hour, without onerous equipment or highly trained personnel.Researchers around the world are working on the next generation of coronavirus tests that give answers in less than an hour, without onerous equipment or highly trained personnel.
The latest so-called point-of-care tests, which could be done in a doctor’s office or even at home, would be a welcome upgrade from today’s status quo: uncomfortable swabs that snake up the nose and can take several days to produce results.The latest so-called point-of-care tests, which could be done in a doctor’s office or even at home, would be a welcome upgrade from today’s status quo: uncomfortable swabs that snake up the nose and can take several days to produce results.
The handful of point-of-care devices now on the market are frequently inaccurate. Up-and-coming tests could yield more reliable results, researchers say, potentially leading to on-the-spot testing nationwide. But most of the new contenders are still in early stages, and won’t be available in clinics for months.The handful of point-of-care devices now on the market are frequently inaccurate. Up-and-coming tests could yield more reliable results, researchers say, potentially leading to on-the-spot testing nationwide. But most of the new contenders are still in early stages, and won’t be available in clinics for months.
Some of the tests in development swap brain-tickling swabs for plastic tubes that collect spit. Others dunk patient samples into chemical cocktails that light up when they detect coronavirus genes. Another type of test identifies coronavirus proteins in minutes, using a cheap device that’s easy to produce in bulk and deploy in low-resource settings.Some of the tests in development swap brain-tickling swabs for plastic tubes that collect spit. Others dunk patient samples into chemical cocktails that light up when they detect coronavirus genes. Another type of test identifies coronavirus proteins in minutes, using a cheap device that’s easy to produce in bulk and deploy in low-resource settings.
“To combat this virus, we need to test widely and frequently, and get the results back quickly,” said Dr. Zev Williams at Columbia University, who is developing a coronavirus spit test that can run in about 30 minutes. “That requires a genuine paradigm shift in the way we go about testing for it.”“To combat this virus, we need to test widely and frequently, and get the results back quickly,” said Dr. Zev Williams at Columbia University, who is developing a coronavirus spit test that can run in about 30 minutes. “That requires a genuine paradigm shift in the way we go about testing for it.”
In other science news:In other science news:
The W.H.O. reported Monday that 73 countries are in danger of running out of essential H.I.V. medications and 24 are already facing critical shortages. The agency warned that a six-month disruption in the supply could lead to a doubling in the number of AIDS-related deaths in sub-Saharan Africa this year. The main reasons for the shortages include disruptions in transportation of medical provisions by air and sea, and a decrease in access to health care facilities as countries went into lockdowns earlier this year.The W.H.O. reported Monday that 73 countries are in danger of running out of essential H.I.V. medications and 24 are already facing critical shortages. The agency warned that a six-month disruption in the supply could lead to a doubling in the number of AIDS-related deaths in sub-Saharan Africa this year. The main reasons for the shortages include disruptions in transportation of medical provisions by air and sea, and a decrease in access to health care facilities as countries went into lockdowns earlier this year.
The drug manufacturer Regeneron said Monday that it would begin late-stage clinical trials of its experimental treatment for Covid-19 after an initial safety study showed good results. The company is testing whether the treatment, a cocktail of two monoclonal antibodies, will work in people with mild and severe forms of the disease, and also whether the product — an injection — might also prevent people from getting infected.The drug manufacturer Regeneron said Monday that it would begin late-stage clinical trials of its experimental treatment for Covid-19 after an initial safety study showed good results. The company is testing whether the treatment, a cocktail of two monoclonal antibodies, will work in people with mild and severe forms of the disease, and also whether the product — an injection — might also prevent people from getting infected.
A stretch of DNA linked to Covid-19 was passed down from Neanderthals 60,000 years ago, according to a new study. Scientists don’t yet know why this particular segment increases the risk of severe illness from the virus. But the new findings, which were posted online on Friday and have not yet been published in a scientific journal, show how some clues to modern health stem from ancient history.A stretch of DNA linked to Covid-19 was passed down from Neanderthals 60,000 years ago, according to a new study. Scientists don’t yet know why this particular segment increases the risk of severe illness from the virus. But the new findings, which were posted online on Friday and have not yet been published in a scientific journal, show how some clues to modern health stem from ancient history.
Salons may be open in your area, but you don’t have to schedule an appointment there to give yourself a little pampering. Here are some ideas for adding a spa moment to your week.Salons may be open in your area, but you don’t have to schedule an appointment there to give yourself a little pampering. Here are some ideas for adding a spa moment to your week.
Reporting was contributed by Liz Alderman, Luke Broadwater, Stephen Castle, Michael Cooper, Caitlin Dickerson, Louise Donovan, Manny Fernandez, Hailey Fuchs, Robert Gebeloff, Christina Goldbaum, Maggie Haberman, Anemona Hartocollis, Winnie Hu, Ben Hubbard, Tyler Kepner, K.K. Rebecca Lai, Ernesto Londoño, Apoorva Mandavilli, Alex Marshall, Constant Méheut, Sarah Mervosh, Raphael Minder, Zach Montague, David Montgomery, Michael Powell, Richard A. Oppel Jr., David M. Halbfinger, Patricia Mazzei, Aimee Ortiz, Michael Paulson, Catherine Porter, Motoko Rich, Rick Rojas, Kai Schultz, Mitch Smith, Kaly Soto, Eileen Sullivan, Katie Thomas, Lucy Tompkins, David Waldstein, Noah Weiland, Will Wright, Katherine J. Wu, Carl Zimmer and Karen Zraick.Reporting was contributed by Liz Alderman, Luke Broadwater, Stephen Castle, Michael Cooper, Caitlin Dickerson, Louise Donovan, Manny Fernandez, Hailey Fuchs, Robert Gebeloff, Christina Goldbaum, Maggie Haberman, Anemona Hartocollis, Winnie Hu, Ben Hubbard, Tyler Kepner, K.K. Rebecca Lai, Ernesto Londoño, Apoorva Mandavilli, Alex Marshall, Constant Méheut, Sarah Mervosh, Raphael Minder, Zach Montague, David Montgomery, Michael Powell, Richard A. Oppel Jr., David M. Halbfinger, Patricia Mazzei, Aimee Ortiz, Michael Paulson, Catherine Porter, Motoko Rich, Rick Rojas, Kai Schultz, Mitch Smith, Kaly Soto, Eileen Sullivan, Katie Thomas, Lucy Tompkins, David Waldstein, Noah Weiland, Will Wright, Katherine J. Wu, Carl Zimmer and Karen Zraick.