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| Turkey Questions Pilots About Carlos Ghosn’s Escape From Japan | Turkey Questions Pilots About Carlos Ghosn’s Escape From Japan |
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| Turkish authorities on Thursday questioned seven people, including four pilots, about the role they may have played in helping Carlos Ghosn make his escape from Tokyo to Beirut, offering new clues to his mysterious flight. | Turkish authorities on Thursday questioned seven people, including four pilots, about the role they may have played in helping Carlos Ghosn make his escape from Tokyo to Beirut, offering new clues to his mysterious flight. |
| Elsewhere, prosecutors raided Mr. Ghosn’s home in Tokyo, a Lebanese government minister said the public prosecutor had received a “red notice” — an alert that’s akin to a wanted poster — from Interpol, and a French official said authorities there would not extradite Mr. Ghosn if he were to travel to the country. | Elsewhere, prosecutors raided Mr. Ghosn’s home in Tokyo, a Lebanese government minister said the public prosecutor had received a “red notice” — an alert that’s akin to a wanted poster — from Interpol, and a French official said authorities there would not extradite Mr. Ghosn if he were to travel to the country. |
| Four days after Mr. Ghosn triumphantly announced his arrival in Beirut, law enforcement officials and authorities were left grappling with the legal implications of the former automotive executive’s stunning escape, whose details remain shrouded in mystery. | Four days after Mr. Ghosn triumphantly announced his arrival in Beirut, law enforcement officials and authorities were left grappling with the legal implications of the former automotive executive’s stunning escape, whose details remain shrouded in mystery. |
| Mr. Ghosn, the former chief executive of Nissan and Renault, left Japan on Sunday to avoid trial on financial misconduct charges there, though his movements were supposed to be strictly limited while he was free on bail. He turned up in Lebanon, saying he had escaped the “rigged Japanese justice system.” | Mr. Ghosn, the former chief executive of Nissan and Renault, left Japan on Sunday to avoid trial on financial misconduct charges there, though his movements were supposed to be strictly limited while he was free on bail. He turned up in Lebanon, saying he had escaped the “rigged Japanese justice system.” |
| The Lebanese justice minister, Albert Serhan, said on Thursday that the public prosecutor had received a red notice from Interpol related to Mr. Ghosn’s case, according to the state-run National News Agency. Such a notice is issued for individuals wanted for prosecution or to serve a sentence. | The Lebanese justice minister, Albert Serhan, said on Thursday that the public prosecutor had received a red notice from Interpol related to Mr. Ghosn’s case, according to the state-run National News Agency. Such a notice is issued for individuals wanted for prosecution or to serve a sentence. |
| An Interpol red notice is often portrayed as an international arrest warrant, but it is essentially a diplomatic request seeking help apprehending a fugitive. Interpol itself has no arrest powers and foreign governments are not obligated to comply. Interpol does not comment on specific cases, the agency said. | An Interpol red notice is often portrayed as an international arrest warrant, but it is essentially a diplomatic request seeking help apprehending a fugitive. Interpol itself has no arrest powers and foreign governments are not obligated to comply. Interpol does not comment on specific cases, the agency said. |
| A red notice “doesn’t carry any weight other than being a notice,” said Carl Tobias, a professor of law at the University of Richmond. “It’s not a charge, it’s not saying Lebanon needs to arrest Mr. Ghosn.” | A red notice “doesn’t carry any weight other than being a notice,” said Carl Tobias, a professor of law at the University of Richmond. “It’s not a charge, it’s not saying Lebanon needs to arrest Mr. Ghosn.” |
| Mr. Ghosn, who has not appeared in public since he announced he was in Lebanon, issued a statement Thursday that seemed aimed to protect his family from any legal jeopardy. | Mr. Ghosn, who has not appeared in public since he announced he was in Lebanon, issued a statement Thursday that seemed aimed to protect his family from any legal jeopardy. |
| “There has been speculation in the media that my wife Carole, and other members of my family played a role in my departure from Japan,” the statement said. “All such speculation is inaccurate and false. I alone arranged for my departure. My family had no role whatsoever.” | “There has been speculation in the media that my wife Carole, and other members of my family played a role in my departure from Japan,” the statement said. “All such speculation is inaccurate and false. I alone arranged for my departure. My family had no role whatsoever.” |
| Mr. Ghosn was joyous and especially happy to be reunited with Carole, said a friend of Mr. Ghosn’s, speaking on the condition of anonymity to discuss a private conversation. He said Mr. Ghosn’s children were expected to gather in Beirut and that “some of them are there” already. He said it was a relief to see Mr. Ghosn so happy because “he had not been for a long time.” | |
| Hours earlier, a French government minister said authorities there would not extradite Mr. Ghosn, a citizen of France, if he arrived there, “because France never extradites its nationals.” | Hours earlier, a French government minister said authorities there would not extradite Mr. Ghosn, a citizen of France, if he arrived there, “because France never extradites its nationals.” |
| “That’s a rule of the game,” Agnès Pannier-Runacher, a junior economy minister, told the news channel BFM. | “That’s a rule of the game,” Agnès Pannier-Runacher, a junior economy minister, told the news channel BFM. |
| In Turkey, the authorities detained seven people suspected of helping Mr. Ghosn escape, according to news outlets there. He reportedly left Japan late Sunday aboard a business jet from Osaka to Istanbul Ataturk Airport, where he quickly switched to another plane and flew to Beirut. | In Turkey, the authorities detained seven people suspected of helping Mr. Ghosn escape, according to news outlets there. He reportedly left Japan late Sunday aboard a business jet from Osaka to Istanbul Ataturk Airport, where he quickly switched to another plane and flew to Beirut. |
| Much about his flight remains unknown, including how he was able to escape surveillance in Japan, how he arranged his flights to Lebanon, and whether he was helped by any other countries. The French foreign ministry declined to comment on reports that Mr. Ghosn had used a French passport to enter Lebanon. | Much about his flight remains unknown, including how he was able to escape surveillance in Japan, how he arranged his flights to Lebanon, and whether he was helped by any other countries. The French foreign ministry declined to comment on reports that Mr. Ghosn had used a French passport to enter Lebanon. |
| Mr. Ghosn, who has been charged in Japan with an array of financial crimes while chairman of Nissan, was born in Brazil to a Lebanese family, grew up mostly in Lebanon and has lived most of his adult life in France. He has passports from all three countries, though his lawyers in Japan have said that they held the documents. | Mr. Ghosn, who has been charged in Japan with an array of financial crimes while chairman of Nissan, was born in Brazil to a Lebanese family, grew up mostly in Lebanon and has lived most of his adult life in France. He has passports from all three countries, though his lawyers in Japan have said that they held the documents. |
| Turkish news organizations, including the state-run Anadolu news agency, reported that the planes that delivered Mr. Ghosn to Istanbul and Beirut were operated by MNG Jet, a Turkish company that offers chartered flights on business aircraft. Flight tracking websites confirm MNG flights matching Mr. Ghosn’s reported path. | Turkish news organizations, including the state-run Anadolu news agency, reported that the planes that delivered Mr. Ghosn to Istanbul and Beirut were operated by MNG Jet, a Turkish company that offers chartered flights on business aircraft. Flight tracking websites confirm MNG flights matching Mr. Ghosn’s reported path. |
| Four of the seven people detained in Turkey were pilots employed by a private aviation company, two were employees of a company that provides ground services to aircraft, and one was a manager of a private cargo company, according to the Turkish reports. | Four of the seven people detained in Turkey were pilots employed by a private aviation company, two were employees of a company that provides ground services to aircraft, and one was a manager of a private cargo company, according to the Turkish reports. |
| An official at Havas, a ground services company that operates at Istanbul Ataturk Airport, confirmed that two of its employees were in custody for questioning in the case but said that they were expected to be released later in the day. A person who answered the phone at MNG said no one was available to comment. | An official at Havas, a ground services company that operates at Istanbul Ataturk Airport, confirmed that two of its employees were in custody for questioning in the case but said that they were expected to be released later in the day. A person who answered the phone at MNG said no one was available to comment. |
| It was not clear whether anyone in Turkey knowingly aided Mr. Ghosn, or if he used some kind of subterfuge to avoid detection, like traveling under an alias. | It was not clear whether anyone in Turkey knowingly aided Mr. Ghosn, or if he used some kind of subterfuge to avoid detection, like traveling under an alias. |
| The Bombardier Global Express jet that reportedly carried him to Istanbul is owned by a Turkish company, STE Havacilik, which denied any involvement in his escape. An executive of the company said that when it was not using the plane, it rents the jet to MNG, which uses it for chartered flights. Such arrangements are common with business jets. | The Bombardier Global Express jet that reportedly carried him to Istanbul is owned by a Turkish company, STE Havacilik, which denied any involvement in his escape. An executive of the company said that when it was not using the plane, it rents the jet to MNG, which uses it for chartered flights. Such arrangements are common with business jets. |
| In Japan, prosecutors on Thursday raided Mr. Ghosn’s sprawling, two-story house in an exclusive neighborhood of central Tokyo. After about four hours, around a dozen men — most of them wearing black suits and surgical masks — carried out heavy black briefcases and other bags, ignoring questions from journalists who followed them. | In Japan, prosecutors on Thursday raided Mr. Ghosn’s sprawling, two-story house in an exclusive neighborhood of central Tokyo. After about four hours, around a dozen men — most of them wearing black suits and surgical masks — carried out heavy black briefcases and other bags, ignoring questions from journalists who followed them. |
| Officials in Japan have expressed their outrage over his escape, but Mr. Ghosn said he would speak to the news media “starting next week.” | Officials in Japan have expressed their outrage over his escape, but Mr. Ghosn said he would speak to the news media “starting next week.” |
| In Lebanon, Mr. Ghosn may face legal trouble for having visited Israel, an enemy state. Under Lebanese law, it is illegal for citizens to visit Israel, and even foreigners who have been there are supposed to be banned. | In Lebanon, Mr. Ghosn may face legal trouble for having visited Israel, an enemy state. Under Lebanese law, it is illegal for citizens to visit Israel, and even foreigners who have been there are supposed to be banned. |
| On Thursday, three lawyers informed Lebanon’s public prosecutor that Mr. Ghosn had committed a crime by visiting Israel. He reportedly visited Israel in 2008, while an executive for the Renault-Nissan alliance. | On Thursday, three lawyers informed Lebanon’s public prosecutor that Mr. Ghosn had committed a crime by visiting Israel. He reportedly visited Israel in 2008, while an executive for the Renault-Nissan alliance. |
| One of the lawyers, Jad Tomeh, said the three were “shocked” that Lebanese parties that back the “resistance,” or the struggle against Israel, had been silent about “this type of security breach.” | One of the lawyers, Jad Tomeh, said the three were “shocked” that Lebanese parties that back the “resistance,” or the struggle against Israel, had been silent about “this type of security breach.” |
| It was not immediately clear if the authorities would respond. A Lebanese-French-American filmmaker was briefly detained for visiting Israel when he arrived in Lebanon in 2017, although he was not charged with a crime. But in November, Lebanon jailed an American-Lebanese man who had joined an Israeli-backed militia in Lebanon during the country’s civil war and was accused of running a prison notorious for torture. | It was not immediately clear if the authorities would respond. A Lebanese-French-American filmmaker was briefly detained for visiting Israel when he arrived in Lebanon in 2017, although he was not charged with a crime. But in November, Lebanon jailed an American-Lebanese man who had joined an Israeli-backed militia in Lebanon during the country’s civil war and was accused of running a prison notorious for torture. |
| In Lebanon, which does not have an extradition treaty with Japan, Mr. Ghosn is seen by many as a folk hero, a favorite son who studied in France’s most prestigious schools before embracing a successful career in the automobile industry. | In Lebanon, which does not have an extradition treaty with Japan, Mr. Ghosn is seen by many as a folk hero, a favorite son who studied in France’s most prestigious schools before embracing a successful career in the automobile industry. |
| Mr. Ghosn remains widely respected in France despite the accusations that he underreported his compensation, shifted personal financial losses to Nissan, and used funds from Renault to organize parties at the Palace of Versailles. French officials would not comment on how Mr. Ghosn was able to flee Japan or whether he had a second French passport. | Mr. Ghosn remains widely respected in France despite the accusations that he underreported his compensation, shifted personal financial losses to Nissan, and used funds from Renault to organize parties at the Palace of Versailles. French officials would not comment on how Mr. Ghosn was able to flee Japan or whether he had a second French passport. |
| On extradition, Ms. Pannier-Runacher said, the same rules apply to Mr. Ghosn as to any French person. Nobody is above the law, she added, but “French citizenship protects, and is protective of its citizens.” | On extradition, Ms. Pannier-Runacher said, the same rules apply to Mr. Ghosn as to any French person. Nobody is above the law, she added, but “French citizenship protects, and is protective of its citizens.” |
| A flight to France would be risky: Mr. Ghosn would have to pass through the airspace of several countries that could arrest him. | A flight to France would be risky: Mr. Ghosn would have to pass through the airspace of several countries that could arrest him. |
| Asked if Mr. Ghosn had fled to save his life, Ms. Pannier-Runacher said that although his living conditions in Japan were unpleasant, his life had not been threatened. Even so, she seemed amazed by the unfolding drama. | Asked if Mr. Ghosn had fled to save his life, Ms. Pannier-Runacher said that although his living conditions in Japan were unpleasant, his life had not been threatened. Even so, she seemed amazed by the unfolding drama. |
| “I’m hesitating between novel-like and … I don’t have the words to describe this escape,” she said. | “I’m hesitating between novel-like and … I don’t have the words to describe this escape,” she said. |
| Matt Apuzzo, Ben Dooley, Emily Flitter, Ben Hubbard and Amie Tsang contributed reporting. | Matt Apuzzo, Ben Dooley, Emily Flitter, Ben Hubbard and Amie Tsang contributed reporting. |