This article is from the source 'bbc' and was first published or seen on . It last changed over 40 days ago and won't be checked again for changes.
You can find the current article at its original source at https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/50827462
The article has changed 2 times. There is an RSS feed of changes available.
Previous version
1
Next version
Version 0 | Version 1 |
---|---|
Is India becoming a major source of space debris? | Is India becoming a major source of space debris? |
(about 11 hours later) | |
A senior Pakistani politician has accused India's space programme of becoming a major source of space debris. | A senior Pakistani politician has accused India's space programme of becoming a major source of space debris. |
Minister for Science and Technology Fawad Chaudhry urged the international community to take note of India's "irresponsible" space missions. | Minister for Science and Technology Fawad Chaudhry urged the international community to take note of India's "irresponsible" space missions. |
Space debris is the thousands of fragments from old rocket parts or disintegrated satellites that litter space - principally in Earth's orbit. | Space debris is the thousands of fragments from old rocket parts or disintegrated satellites that litter space - principally in Earth's orbit. |
Mr Chaudhry's comments follow the discovery by the US space agency, Nasa, of debris from an Indian spacecraft that crashed on the Moon in September. | Mr Chaudhry's comments follow the discovery by the US space agency, Nasa, of debris from an Indian spacecraft that crashed on the Moon in September. |
But is the claim borne out by the data? Is India now a major source of potentially dangerous space junk? | But is the claim borne out by the data? Is India now a major source of potentially dangerous space junk? |
How much space junk is there? | How much space junk is there? |
There are more than 23,000 pieces of debris larger than 10cm (4in) and the US Space Surveillance Network tracks most of them, according to Nasa's Orbital Debris Programme Office (ODPO). | There are more than 23,000 pieces of debris larger than 10cm (4in) and the US Space Surveillance Network tracks most of them, according to Nasa's Orbital Debris Programme Office (ODPO). |
Most of that debris is zipping around within 1,250 miles of the Earth's surface, along with more than 2,000 artificial satellites, as well as the International Space Station. | Most of that debris is zipping around within 1,250 miles of the Earth's surface, along with more than 2,000 artificial satellites, as well as the International Space Station. |
There is plenty of opportunity for collisions to occur and much of the existing debris arises out of these crashes in space. | There is plenty of opportunity for collisions to occur and much of the existing debris arises out of these crashes in space. |
When China tested a missile on one of its own weather satellites in 2007, an estimated 3,000 pieces of debris were created. | When China tested a missile on one of its own weather satellites in 2007, an estimated 3,000 pieces of debris were created. |
And the accidental collision of US and Russian communications satellites in 2009 also added greatly to the number of large pieces of debris in orbit, according to ODPO. | And the accidental collision of US and Russian communications satellites in 2009 also added greatly to the number of large pieces of debris in orbit, according to ODPO. |
How much is India responsible for? | How much is India responsible for? |
India still produces much less space junk than the top three polluters: Russia, the US and China, according to ODPO data. | India still produces much less space junk than the top three polluters: Russia, the US and China, according to ODPO data. |
Indian-made space debris, however, is on the rise - from 117 pieces in 2018 to 163 in 2019. | |
In March this year, India became the fourth country to conduct an anti-satellite missile test. | In March this year, India became the fourth country to conduct an anti-satellite missile test. |
It said it had been at an altitude that would avoid leaving debris in Earth's orbit. | It said it had been at an altitude that would avoid leaving debris in Earth's orbit. |
However, the United States condemned the test and Nasa said it had tracked about 50 pieces of debris from the test more than three months after it had been conducted. | However, the United States condemned the test and Nasa said it had tracked about 50 pieces of debris from the test more than three months after it had been conducted. |
"Whether China's actions, over a decade ago, were technically worse or whether India, who created debris more recently and should have known that they were doing something that affects everyone, isn't the issue," Christopher D Johnson, a space law adviser at the US-based Secure World Foundation told BBC News. | "Whether China's actions, over a decade ago, were technically worse or whether India, who created debris more recently and should have known that they were doing something that affects everyone, isn't the issue," Christopher D Johnson, a space law adviser at the US-based Secure World Foundation told BBC News. |
"We should learn from past events and realise that there is no acceptable reason to create space debris, which threatens everyone's ability to use outer space." | "We should learn from past events and realise that there is no acceptable reason to create space debris, which threatens everyone's ability to use outer space." |
What is being done to tackle space debris? | What is being done to tackle space debris? |
Earth's orbit is becoming more congested, with thousands of satellites in operation and more launches planned, increasing the likelihood of a collision. | Earth's orbit is becoming more congested, with thousands of satellites in operation and more launches planned, increasing the likelihood of a collision. |
But there is no regulation against these anti-satellite tests. | But there is no regulation against these anti-satellite tests. |
Several countries, and some private companies, are testing new ways to mitigate space debris, ranging from harpoons, giant magnets, and nets. | Several countries, and some private companies, are testing new ways to mitigate space debris, ranging from harpoons, giant magnets, and nets. |
And in 2025, the European Space Agency will launch the first space mission to remove debris from Earth's orbit. | And in 2025, the European Space Agency will launch the first space mission to remove debris from Earth's orbit. |
But Nasa says cleaning up the space environment remains a "technical and economic challenge". | But Nasa says cleaning up the space environment remains a "technical and economic challenge". |
Read more from Reality Check | Read more from Reality Check |
Send us your questions | Send us your questions |
Follow us on Twitter | Follow us on Twitter |
Previous version
1
Next version