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Nobel Peace Prize: Why is it so important? | Nobel Peace Prize: Why is it so important? |
(about 4 hours later) | |
Ethiopia's Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed has won the 2019 Nobel Peace Prize for "his efforts to achieve international peace and co-operation". | |
This year's Nobel Peace Prize is the 100th to be awarded, but why is it so prestigious and who are some of the previous winners? | This year's Nobel Peace Prize is the 100th to be awarded, but why is it so prestigious and who are some of the previous winners? |
Who are some of the famous past winners? | Who are some of the famous past winners? |
Former US President Barack Obama won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2009, for "his extraordinary efforts to strengthen international diplomacy and co-operation between peoples". | Former US President Barack Obama won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2009, for "his extraordinary efforts to strengthen international diplomacy and co-operation between peoples". |
President Obama said he was "surprised and deeply humbled" and would use it as a "call to action". However, there was criticism of his award, especially as he had only been in office for 12 days before the nomination deadline. | |
Other notable Nobel Peace Prize winners include former US President Jimmy Carter (2002); child education activist Malala Yousafzai (shared 2014); the European Union (2012); the United Nations and its then-general-secretary, Kofi Annan, (shared 2001); and Saint Teresa of Calcutta (1979). | |
Albert Einstein (physics 1921),Marie Curie (physics 1903 and chemistry 1911), and Harold Pinter (literature 2005) have also received Nobel Prizes. | Albert Einstein (physics 1921),Marie Curie (physics 1903 and chemistry 1911), and Harold Pinter (literature 2005) have also received Nobel Prizes. |
Two people - author and philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre in 1964 and Vietnamese politician Le Duc Tho in 1973 - rejected the prize, and four others were forced to decline by their countries. | Two people - author and philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre in 1964 and Vietnamese politician Le Duc Tho in 1973 - rejected the prize, and four others were forced to decline by their countries. |
In 2016, there was uncertainty over whether singer Bob Dylan would accept the literature award before he finally delivered his lecture for the prize in June 2017. | |
What other Nobel Prizes are awarded? | What other Nobel Prizes are awarded? |
The Nobel Prize is a series of annual awards given in the fields of physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. | |
They are awarded to people "who have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind" in the previous 12 months. | They are awarded to people "who have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind" in the previous 12 months. |
The quote is from the will of Swedish businessman - and inventor of dynamite - Alfred Nobel. He left most of his fortune in a fund to launch the awards, which were first presented in 1901. | The quote is from the will of Swedish businessman - and inventor of dynamite - Alfred Nobel. He left most of his fortune in a fund to launch the awards, which were first presented in 1901. |
In 1968, an economic sciences prize was added by Sweden's central bank, although it does not count as a Nobel Prize. | In 1968, an economic sciences prize was added by Sweden's central bank, although it does not count as a Nobel Prize. |
How does the Nobel Prize work? | How does the Nobel Prize work? |
Different organisations award the prize in each category every year. Five of the six are chosen in Sweden, while the Nobel Peace Prize is selected in Norway. | Different organisations award the prize in each category every year. Five of the six are chosen in Sweden, while the Nobel Peace Prize is selected in Norway. |
Academics, university professors, scientists, previous winners and others all submit nominations. Under the Nobel Foundation's rules, the shortlists are not allowed to be published for 50 years. | Academics, university professors, scientists, previous winners and others all submit nominations. Under the Nobel Foundation's rules, the shortlists are not allowed to be published for 50 years. |
Prize winners are called laureates, to signify the laurel wreath given to victors of contests in ancient Greece. | Prize winners are called laureates, to signify the laurel wreath given to victors of contests in ancient Greece. |
More than one, but no more than three, people can win each prize. | More than one, but no more than three, people can win each prize. |
There have been some years when the prize has not been awarded - mostly during the two world wars. | There have been some years when the prize has not been awarded - mostly during the two world wars. |
And Nobel Foundation rules state if nobody deserves the prize in a particular category, it is not awarded and its prize money is kept for the following year. | And Nobel Foundation rules state if nobody deserves the prize in a particular category, it is not awarded and its prize money is kept for the following year. |
What do the winners receive? | What do the winners receive? |
The recipient of each prize receives three things: | The recipient of each prize receives three things: |
The prizes are presented at ceremonies on 10 December, the anniversary of Nobel's death, in Stockholm and Oslo. | The prizes are presented at ceremonies on 10 December, the anniversary of Nobel's death, in Stockholm and Oslo. |
What have some prize winners bought with their winnings? | What have some prize winners bought with their winnings? |
Marie and Pierre Curie used their physics prize money in 1903 for further scientific research, and 2006 physics winner John Mather donated his cash to his foundation. | Marie and Pierre Curie used their physics prize money in 1903 for further scientific research, and 2006 physics winner John Mather donated his cash to his foundation. |
In 1993, British biochemist Richard Roberts spent his medicine winnings on a croquet lawn, while fellow 1993 laureate Phillip Sharp bought a 100-year-old Federal-style house. The 2001 medicine winner, Sir Paul Nurse, bought himself a high-end motorbike. | |
Meanwhile, 2006 literature laureate Orhan Pamuk established a museum in Istanbul. | Meanwhile, 2006 literature laureate Orhan Pamuk established a museum in Istanbul. |
Who are the 2019 winners so far? | Who are the 2019 winners so far? |