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Nobel Prize: Who could win this year's Nobel Peace Prize? | |
(about 8 hours later) | |
The winner of this year's Nobel Peace Prize - the 100th to be awarded - is due to be announced at 10:00 BST. | |
But what is the Nobel Prize and why is it so prestigious? | But what is the Nobel Prize and why is it so prestigious? |
Who will win this year's Nobel Peace Prize? | |
Short answer - nobody knows. | |
Under the Nobel Foundation's rules, nomination shortlists are not allowed to be published for 50 years. The organisation says any talk of who is the favourite to win a prize is "sheer guesswork". | |
We only know Greta Thunberg is a nominee because the three Norwegian MPs who nominated her publicised their decision. However, it is not known if the nomination was in time for this year's award. | |
There have been reports US President Donald Trump has also been nominated but there is concern the entry may have been falsified. | |
Other names who are said to be in the running include Ethiopia Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, Jacinda Ardern, the prime minister of New Zealand, and indigenous Brazilian leader Raoni Metuktire. | |
The only concrete information is 301 candidates have been nominated for the 2019 Nobel Peace Prize - 223 individuals and 78 organisations - the fourth highest number in history. | |
What is the Nobel Prize and why is it important? | What is the Nobel Prize and why is it important? |
The Nobel Prize is a series of annual awards given in the fields of physics, chemistry, medicine, literature and peace. | The Nobel Prize is a series of annual awards given in the fields of physics, chemistry, medicine, literature and peace. |
They are awarded to people "who have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind" in the previous 12 months. | They are awarded to people "who have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind" in the previous 12 months. |
The quote is from the will of Swedish businessman - and inventor of dynamite - Alfred Nobel. He left most of his fortune in a fund to launch the awards, which were first presented in 1901. | The quote is from the will of Swedish businessman - and inventor of dynamite - Alfred Nobel. He left most of his fortune in a fund to launch the awards, which were first presented in 1901. |
In 1968, an economic sciences prize was added by Sweden's central bank, although it does not count as a Nobel Prize. | In 1968, an economic sciences prize was added by Sweden's central bank, although it does not count as a Nobel Prize. |
Who are some of the most famous winners? | Who are some of the most famous winners? |
Former US President Barack Obama won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2009, for "his extraordinary efforts to strengthen international diplomacy and co-operation between peoples". | Former US President Barack Obama won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2009, for "his extraordinary efforts to strengthen international diplomacy and co-operation between peoples". |
President Obama said he was "surprised and deeply humbled" and would use it as a "call to action". However, there was criticism of his award, especially as he had been in office for only 12 days before the nomination deadline. | President Obama said he was "surprised and deeply humbled" and would use it as a "call to action". However, there was criticism of his award, especially as he had been in office for only 12 days before the nomination deadline. |
Other notable Nobel Peace Prize winners include former US President Jimmy Carter (2002), child education activist Malala Yousafzai (shared 2014), the European Union (2012), the United Nations and its then-general-secretary, Kofi Annan, (shared 2001) and Saint Teresa of Calcutta (1979). | Other notable Nobel Peace Prize winners include former US President Jimmy Carter (2002), child education activist Malala Yousafzai (shared 2014), the European Union (2012), the United Nations and its then-general-secretary, Kofi Annan, (shared 2001) and Saint Teresa of Calcutta (1979). |
Albert Einstein (physics 1921),Marie Curie (physics 1903 and chemistry 1911), and Harold Pinter (literature 2005) have also received Nobel Prizes. | Albert Einstein (physics 1921),Marie Curie (physics 1903 and chemistry 1911), and Harold Pinter (literature 2005) have also received Nobel Prizes. |
Two people - author and philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre in 1964 and Vietnamese politician Le Duc Tho in 1973 - rejected the prize, and four others were forced to decline by their countries. | Two people - author and philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre in 1964 and Vietnamese politician Le Duc Tho in 1973 - rejected the prize, and four others were forced to decline by their countries. |
In 2016, there was uncertainty over whether singer Bob Dylan would accept the literature award before he finally delivered his lecture for the prize in June. | In 2016, there was uncertainty over whether singer Bob Dylan would accept the literature award before he finally delivered his lecture for the prize in June. |
How does the Nobel Prize work? | How does the Nobel Prize work? |
Different organisations award the prize in each category every year. Five of the six are chosen in Sweden, while the Nobel Peace Prize is selected in Norway. | Different organisations award the prize in each category every year. Five of the six are chosen in Sweden, while the Nobel Peace Prize is selected in Norway. |
Academics, university professors, scientists, previous winners and others all submit nominations. | Academics, university professors, scientists, previous winners and others all submit nominations. |
Prize winners are called laureates, to signify the laurel wreath given to victors of contests in ancient Greece. | Prize winners are called laureates, to signify the laurel wreath given to victors of contests in ancient Greece. |
More than one, but no more than three, people can win each prize. | More than one, but no more than three, people can win each prize. |
There have been some years when the prize has not been awarded - mostly during the two world wars. | There have been some years when the prize has not been awarded - mostly during the two world wars. |
And Nobel Foundation rules state if nobody deserves the prize in a particular category, it is not awarded and its prize money is kept for the following year. | And Nobel Foundation rules state if nobody deserves the prize in a particular category, it is not awarded and its prize money is kept for the following year. |
What do the winners receive? | What do the winners receive? |
The recipient of each prize receives three things: | The recipient of each prize receives three things: |
The prizes are presented at ceremonies on 10 December, the anniversary of Nobel's death, in Stockholm and Oslo. | The prizes are presented at ceremonies on 10 December, the anniversary of Nobel's death, in Stockholm and Oslo. |
What have some prize winners bought with their winnings? | What have some prize winners bought with their winnings? |
Marie and Pierre Curie used their physics prize money in 1903 for further scientific research, and 2006 physics winner John Mather donated his cash to his foundation. | Marie and Pierre Curie used their physics prize money in 1903 for further scientific research, and 2006 physics winner John Mather donated his cash to his foundation. |
In 1993, British biochemist Richard Roberts spent his medicine winnings on a croquet lawn and fellow 1993 laureate Phillip Sharp bought a 100-year-old Federal-style house. The 2001 medicine winner, Sir Paul Nurse, bought himself a high-end motorbike. | In 1993, British biochemist Richard Roberts spent his medicine winnings on a croquet lawn and fellow 1993 laureate Phillip Sharp bought a 100-year-old Federal-style house. The 2001 medicine winner, Sir Paul Nurse, bought himself a high-end motorbike. |
Meanwhile, 2006 literature laureate Orhan Pamuk established a museum in Istanbul. | Meanwhile, 2006 literature laureate Orhan Pamuk established a museum in Istanbul. |
Who are the 2019 winners so far? | Who are the 2019 winners so far? |