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| Omar al-Bashir: Sudan military coup topples ruler after protests | Omar al-Bashir: Sudan military coup topples ruler after protests |
| (30 minutes later) | |
| After nearly 30 years in power, Sudan's President Omar al-Bashir has been ousted and arrested, the defence minister says. | After nearly 30 years in power, Sudan's President Omar al-Bashir has been ousted and arrested, the defence minister says. |
| Speaking on state TV, Awad Ibn Ouf said the army had decided to oversee a two-year transitional period followed by elections. | Speaking on state TV, Awad Ibn Ouf said the army had decided to oversee a two-year transitional period followed by elections. |
| He also said a three-month state of emergency was being put in place. | He also said a three-month state of emergency was being put in place. |
| Protests against Mr Bashir, who has governed Sudan since 1989, have been under way for several months. | Protests against Mr Bashir, who has governed Sudan since 1989, have been under way for several months. |
| The main group behind the demonstrations immediately rejected the military's statement and urged people to remain at a sit-in outside army headquarters. | |
| Protesters want a civilian council to lead the transition rather than a military one, correspondents say. | |
| "I announce as minister of defence the toppling of the regime and detaining its chief in a secure place," Mr Ibn Ouf said in a statement. | "I announce as minister of defence the toppling of the regime and detaining its chief in a secure place," Mr Ibn Ouf said in a statement. |
| Mr Bashir's exact whereabouts are not known. | Mr Bashir's exact whereabouts are not known. |
| Mr Ibn Ouf said the country had been suffering from "poor management, corruption, and an absence of justice" and he apologised "for the killing and violence that took place". | Mr Ibn Ouf said the country had been suffering from "poor management, corruption, and an absence of justice" and he apologised "for the killing and violence that took place". |
| He said Sudan's constitution was being suspended, border crossings were being shut until further notice and airspace was being closed for 24 hours. | He said Sudan's constitution was being suspended, border crossings were being shut until further notice and airspace was being closed for 24 hours. |
| As the news broke, crowds of protesters celebrated outside army headquarters in the capital, Khartoum, embracing soldiers and climbing on top of armoured vehicles. | As the news broke, crowds of protesters celebrated outside army headquarters in the capital, Khartoum, embracing soldiers and climbing on top of armoured vehicles. |
| Sudan's intelligence service said it was freeing all political prisoners. | |
| Mr Bashir is the subject of an international arrest warrant issued by the International Criminal Court (ICC), which accuses him of organising war crimes and crimes against humanity in Sudan's western Darfur region. | Mr Bashir is the subject of an international arrest warrant issued by the International Criminal Court (ICC), which accuses him of organising war crimes and crimes against humanity in Sudan's western Darfur region. |
| However it is not clear what will happen to him following his arrest. | However it is not clear what will happen to him following his arrest. |
| 'A volatile and unpredictable situation' | |
| Analysis by Fergal Keane, BBC Africa editor | Analysis by Fergal Keane, BBC Africa editor |
| This is a military coup with no clear roadmap for how the generals plan to hand over power to civilian rule. | This is a military coup with no clear roadmap for how the generals plan to hand over power to civilian rule. |
| The fear will be that they have no such intention. The security elite has calculated that removing Omar al-Bashir and imposing a curfew will buy them time and end the protests. If so this represents a serious miscalculation. | The fear will be that they have no such intention. The security elite has calculated that removing Omar al-Bashir and imposing a curfew will buy them time and end the protests. If so this represents a serious miscalculation. |
| The Sudanese Professionals Association - which has spearheaded the demonstrations - and other civil society groups have made it clear they won't accept a cosmetic change. They have the numbers and are highly organised. | The Sudanese Professionals Association - which has spearheaded the demonstrations - and other civil society groups have made it clear they won't accept a cosmetic change. They have the numbers and are highly organised. |
| The military has the guns and the capacity for imposing brutal repression. But what then? A crackdown will not resolve the desperate economic crisis that brought years of simmering resentment on to the streets last December. | The military has the guns and the capacity for imposing brutal repression. But what then? A crackdown will not resolve the desperate economic crisis that brought years of simmering resentment on to the streets last December. |
| There is also the question of the cracks within the Sudanese security establishment, evident during the clashes between soldiers and intelligence/militia forces in recent days. It is a volatile and unpredictable situation that demands cool heads and compromise on the part of the military. The stability of Sudan depends on how they react to continued protests. | There is also the question of the cracks within the Sudanese security establishment, evident during the clashes between soldiers and intelligence/militia forces in recent days. It is a volatile and unpredictable situation that demands cool heads and compromise on the part of the military. The stability of Sudan depends on how they react to continued protests. |
| How did the coup unfold? | |
| In the early hours of Thursday, military vehicles entered the large compound in Khartoum housing the defence ministry, the army headquarters and Mr Bashir's personal residence. | |
| State TV and radio later interrupted programming with a message that the army would be making a statement. | |
| Meanwhile, tens of thousands of demonstrators marched through central Khartoum, some chanting: "It has fallen, we won." | Meanwhile, tens of thousands of demonstrators marched through central Khartoum, some chanting: "It has fallen, we won." |
| How have protesters reacted? | How have protesters reacted? |
| Protest organisers the Sudanese Professionals Association (SPA) said the military had announced a "coup" that would merely reproduce the same "faces and institutions that our great people revolted against". | |
| It urged people to continue the sit-in outside the military headquarters in Khartoum and to stay on the streets of cities across the country. | It urged people to continue the sit-in outside the military headquarters in Khartoum and to stay on the streets of cities across the country. |
| "Those who destroyed the country and killed the people are seeking to steal every drop of blood and sweat that the Sudanese people poured in their revolution that the shook the throne of tyranny," the statement read. | "Those who destroyed the country and killed the people are seeking to steal every drop of blood and sweat that the Sudanese people poured in their revolution that the shook the throne of tyranny," the statement read. |
| The SPA has previously said that any transitional administration must not include anyone from what it called the "tyrannical regime". | The SPA has previously said that any transitional administration must not include anyone from what it called the "tyrannical regime". |
| A young woman who became a symbol of the protests also dismissed the military announcement, | A young woman who became a symbol of the protests also dismissed the military announcement, |
| Alaa Salah, nicknamed "Kandaka" or "Nubian queen" after she was filmed leading chants against the government, accused the authorities of "hoodwinking" the people. | Alaa Salah, nicknamed "Kandaka" or "Nubian queen" after she was filmed leading chants against the government, accused the authorities of "hoodwinking" the people. |
| The protests were originally sparked by a rise in the cost of living, but demonstrators then began calling for the president to resign and his government to go. | The protests were originally sparked by a rise in the cost of living, but demonstrators then began calling for the president to resign and his government to go. |
| Omar el-Digeir, a senior protest member, said last week that the group was seeking a path "that represents the wish of the revolution". | |
| Police had ordered officers not to intervene against the protests, but the government was criticised by rights groups for a heavy-handed response to the unrest. | Police had ordered officers not to intervene against the protests, but the government was criticised by rights groups for a heavy-handed response to the unrest. |
| Government officials said 38 people had died since the unrest began in December, but the pressure group Human Rights Watch said the number was higher. | |
| In February, it looked as though the president might step down at that point, but instead Mr Bashir declared a state of national emergency. | In February, it looked as though the president might step down at that point, but instead Mr Bashir declared a state of national emergency. |
| Who is Omar al-Bashir? | Who is Omar al-Bashir? |
| Formerly an army officer, he seized power in a military coup in 1989. | Formerly an army officer, he seized power in a military coup in 1989. |
| His rule has been marked by civil war. The civil conflict with the south of the country ended in 2005 and South Sudan became independent in 2011. | His rule has been marked by civil war. The civil conflict with the south of the country ended in 2005 and South Sudan became independent in 2011. |
| Another civil conflict has been taking place in the western region of Darfur. Mr Bashir is accused of organising war crimes and crimes against humanity there by the ICC. | Another civil conflict has been taking place in the western region of Darfur. Mr Bashir is accused of organising war crimes and crimes against humanity there by the ICC. |
| Despite an international arrest warrant issued by the ICC, he won consecutive elections in 2010 and 2015. However, his last victory was marred by a boycott by the main opposition parties. | Despite an international arrest warrant issued by the ICC, he won consecutive elections in 2010 and 2015. However, his last victory was marred by a boycott by the main opposition parties. |
| The arrest warrant has led to an international travel ban. However, Mr Bashir has made diplomatic visits to Egypt, Saudi Arabia and South Africa. He was forced into a hasty departure from South Africa in June 2015 as a court there considered whether to enforce the arrest warrant. | The arrest warrant has led to an international travel ban. However, Mr Bashir has made diplomatic visits to Egypt, Saudi Arabia and South Africa. He was forced into a hasty departure from South Africa in June 2015 as a court there considered whether to enforce the arrest warrant. |