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| Omar Hassan al-Bashir Is Removed as Sudan’s President | Omar Hassan al-Bashir Is Removed as Sudan’s President |
| (30 minutes later) | |
| GULU, Uganda — Sudan’s military ousted President Omar al-Bashir on Thursday, the defense minister announced, ending a 30-year authoritarian rule in the face of mass street protests that have swept the country. | GULU, Uganda — Sudan’s military ousted President Omar al-Bashir on Thursday, the defense minister announced, ending a 30-year authoritarian rule in the face of mass street protests that have swept the country. |
| Defense Minister Awad Mohamed Ahmed Ibn Auf said that Mr. al-Bashir had been taken into custody, the government had been dissolved and the Constitution had been suspended. He said there would be a two-year transition period, with the military in charge, and announced a 10 p.m. curfew. | |
| Mr. al-Bashir, 75, who has long been regarded as a pariah in the West and is wanted by the International Criminal Court on genocide charges in connection with atrocities in Darfur, had ruled Sudan longer than any leader since the country gained independence in 1956. | Mr. al-Bashir, 75, who has long been regarded as a pariah in the West and is wanted by the International Criminal Court on genocide charges in connection with atrocities in Darfur, had ruled Sudan longer than any leader since the country gained independence in 1956. |
| Before the announcement was made, protesters demanding Mr. al-Bashir’s ouster had gathered outside the military’s headquarters in Khartoum, the capital. | Before the announcement was made, protesters demanding Mr. al-Bashir’s ouster had gathered outside the military’s headquarters in Khartoum, the capital. |
| They shouted a chant addressed to the president: “You’ve been dancing for 30 years. Today it’s our turn to dance.” | They shouted a chant addressed to the president: “You’ve been dancing for 30 years. Today it’s our turn to dance.” |
| “It’s a huge day for Sudan’s people, it’s a revolution day,” a man in the crowd, Elsamawal Alshafee, 32, said by phone. | “It’s a huge day for Sudan’s people, it’s a revolution day,” a man in the crowd, Elsamawal Alshafee, 32, said by phone. |
| The jubilation was tempered by a wary uncertainty about what will come next. A senior official said that leaders of the military and security services were debating privately about the membership and structure of the transitional government. | The jubilation was tempered by a wary uncertainty about what will come next. A senior official said that leaders of the military and security services were debating privately about the membership and structure of the transitional government. |
| A state news agency reported that political detainees were being released. | A state news agency reported that political detainees were being released. |
| Some leaders of the demonstrations called for caution. The demand for Mr. al-Bashir’s ouster would not be satisfied if he were simply replaced by another general, said Sara Abdelgalil, a spokeswoman for the Sudanese Professionals Association, which is organizing the protests. | |
| “We have asked for people to continue the sit-in,” she said. “The uprising continues.” | “We have asked for people to continue the sit-in,” she said. “The uprising continues.” |
| The protests will continue “until there is a complete step down of the whole regime,” she said. “We insist on a civil government, and we don’t support any coup.” | The protests will continue “until there is a complete step down of the whole regime,” she said. “We insist on a civil government, and we don’t support any coup.” |
| Mr. al-Bashir came to power as a little-known general in 1989 during an Islamist and military-backed coup. In the following years, he purged Islamists and insiders from his party, and demonstrated a knack for political survival. | Mr. al-Bashir came to power as a little-known general in 1989 during an Islamist and military-backed coup. In the following years, he purged Islamists and insiders from his party, and demonstrated a knack for political survival. |
| He tightened his control by building up an array of competing security forces and militias, as well as the regular army. Sudan analysts have warned that those forces will begin to tussle for dominance once the longtime ruler is out of the picture. | He tightened his control by building up an array of competing security forces and militias, as well as the regular army. Sudan analysts have warned that those forces will begin to tussle for dominance once the longtime ruler is out of the picture. |
| Protests began in December over rising food costs but quickly expanded to a broad challenge to Mr. al-Bashir’s hold on power. In recent days, rival factions within the security services have battled each other, raising fears of a complete breakdown in order as armed military groups fight for control. | Protests began in December over rising food costs but quickly expanded to a broad challenge to Mr. al-Bashir’s hold on power. In recent days, rival factions within the security services have battled each other, raising fears of a complete breakdown in order as armed military groups fight for control. |
| A striking photo of one protester standing on a car and wearing a white thoub, a long robe, and gold earrings as she urged on a crowd this week was called an iconic image of the demonstrations and was shared widely online. | A striking photo of one protester standing on a car and wearing a white thoub, a long robe, and gold earrings as she urged on a crowd this week was called an iconic image of the demonstrations and was shared widely online. |
| Mr. al-Bashir’s three decades of rule have been marked by famine and war, with the country dividing and a new nation, South Sudan, gaining independence in 2011. South Sudan and Libya, Sudan’s neighbor to the northwest, are each now gripped by armed conflict, raising the threat of widespread regional instability should Sudan also fall into civil war. | Mr. al-Bashir’s three decades of rule have been marked by famine and war, with the country dividing and a new nation, South Sudan, gaining independence in 2011. South Sudan and Libya, Sudan’s neighbor to the northwest, are each now gripped by armed conflict, raising the threat of widespread regional instability should Sudan also fall into civil war. |
| For months the security services have detained and attacked protesters in an effort to prevent the demonstrations from swelling, but in recent days, crowds opposed to Mr. al-Bashir have grown outside the compound in Khartoum that houses his residence and the military’s headquarters. | For months the security services have detained and attacked protesters in an effort to prevent the demonstrations from swelling, but in recent days, crowds opposed to Mr. al-Bashir have grown outside the compound in Khartoum that houses his residence and the military’s headquarters. |
| The sit-in marked a new stage of the protests, with numbers swelling far beyond those of previous demonstrations, organizers said. Their mood ranged from delight at the display of people power to fear that the authorities would soon crack down. | The sit-in marked a new stage of the protests, with numbers swelling far beyond those of previous demonstrations, organizers said. Their mood ranged from delight at the display of people power to fear that the authorities would soon crack down. |
| In recent days, soldiers protected demonstrators from other security services that were attempting to disperse them. Some protesters called on the regular army to oust Mr. al-Bashir, but analysts have warned that the military, which has waged war with rebel groups for decades and is accused of widespread abuses, is not seen as a unifying force across the country. | In recent days, soldiers protected demonstrators from other security services that were attempting to disperse them. Some protesters called on the regular army to oust Mr. al-Bashir, but analysts have warned that the military, which has waged war with rebel groups for decades and is accused of widespread abuses, is not seen as a unifying force across the country. |
| Mr. al-Bashir is the only active leader of a nation who faces charges before the International Criminal Court. As word of his possible ouster emerged, human rights groups called for him to stand trial over his role in crimes against humanity and genocide in the Darfur region. | Mr. al-Bashir is the only active leader of a nation who faces charges before the International Criminal Court. As word of his possible ouster emerged, human rights groups called for him to stand trial over his role in crimes against humanity and genocide in the Darfur region. |
| “If the Sudan military’s important announcement is that Pres Bashir will finally step down, it should demonstrate its commitment to the rule of law and an end to mass atrocities by delivering him to the International Criminal Court to face charges,” Kenneth Roth, the executive director of Human Rights Watch, said on Twitter. | “If the Sudan military’s important announcement is that Pres Bashir will finally step down, it should demonstrate its commitment to the rule of law and an end to mass atrocities by delivering him to the International Criminal Court to face charges,” Kenneth Roth, the executive director of Human Rights Watch, said on Twitter. |
| Sudan is also listed by Washington as a state sponsor of terrorism, although it does cooperate with the United States on some counterterrorism efforts, the State Department said in a 2017 report. | Sudan is also listed by Washington as a state sponsor of terrorism, although it does cooperate with the United States on some counterterrorism efforts, the State Department said in a 2017 report. |
| Last week another leader in the region, Abdelaziz Bouteflika, stepped down as president of Algeria after weeks of street protests, bringing an end to his 20-year rule. | Last week another leader in the region, Abdelaziz Bouteflika, stepped down as president of Algeria after weeks of street protests, bringing an end to his 20-year rule. |