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World recalls end of World War I | World recalls end of World War I |
(40 minutes later) | |
Ceremonies are being held across the globe to mark the 90th anniversary of the end of World War I. | Ceremonies are being held across the globe to mark the 90th anniversary of the end of World War I. |
Four years of trench warfare between Germany and the Allies killed some 20m people and redrew the map of Europe. | Four years of trench warfare between Germany and the Allies killed some 20m people and redrew the map of Europe. |
A major commemoration is taking place in Verdun, north-east France, where French and German troops fought for eight months. | A major commemoration is taking place in Verdun, north-east France, where French and German troops fought for eight months. |
The battle was the war's longest, and Verdun has since become a symbol of Franco-German reconciliation. | The battle was the war's longest, and Verdun has since become a symbol of Franco-German reconciliation. |
The Verdun hillside has come to symbolise the conflict's awful savagery, says the BBC's Europe correspondent, Jonny Dymond: During the fighting, more than 60m shells fell on the land, transforming it into a pitted piece of hell on earth. | |
No survivors | |
Prince Charles, the heir to the British throne, and the Duchess of Cornwall are French President Nicolas Sarkozy's guests of honour at the event.HAVE YOUR SAY I shall remember my grandfather Thomas Crawford Robson killed only seven days before armistice Linda, Leeds, UKSend us your comments | |
But no veterans are in attendance, says our correspondent. Not one member of the two huge armies that clashed on the fields of Verdun survives. | |
Only the dead are left to be remembered, and the backdrop of the service is the ossuary, which contains the bones of 130,000 men who died in the fighting. | Only the dead are left to be remembered, and the backdrop of the service is the ossuary, which contains the bones of 130,000 men who died in the fighting. |
Mr Sarkozy and Prince Charles laid wreaths in front of the building, a field of 15,000 graves. | |
At 1111 (1011 GMT) a respectful silence was observed, marking the time - at the 11th minute of the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month - when the Armistice Treaty came into effect to end the war. | |
The silence was followed by the tolling of the bell inside the ossuary, as sombre-faced dignitaries processed inside. | |
There, Mr Sarkozy lit a memorial flame before a male choir sang the French national anthem. | |
Pacific century | Pacific century |
Remembrance ceremonies have already been held in Australia, which lost 60,000 men in the conflict.Services were held across Australia to remember the dead | |
Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd used a speech at the Australian War Memorial in Canberra to issue a call for peace. | Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd used a speech at the Australian War Memorial in Canberra to issue a call for peace. |
"We have all endured a most bloody century," he said. | |
"Let us resolve afresh at the dawn of this new century... that this might be a truly pacific peaceful century." | "Let us resolve afresh at the dawn of this new century... that this might be a truly pacific peaceful century." |
A lone bugler then played the Last Post, which is used to to commemorate the war dead in Commonwealth countries. | A lone bugler then played the Last Post, which is used to to commemorate the war dead in Commonwealth countries. |
In the UK, three of the four surviving British World War I veterans - Henry Allingham, 112, Harry Patch, 110, and Bill Stone, 108 - will represent the RAF, Army and Royal Navy respectively during a ceremony at London's Cenotaph. | In the UK, three of the four surviving British World War I veterans - Henry Allingham, 112, Harry Patch, 110, and Bill Stone, 108 - will represent the RAF, Army and Royal Navy respectively during a ceremony at London's Cenotaph. |
Mr Patch, Britain's oldest survivor of the trenches, will read an act of remembrance. | Mr Patch, Britain's oldest survivor of the trenches, will read an act of remembrance. |
World War I was the world's first industrialised war. | World War I was the world's first industrialised war. |
It toppled four European empires, led to the creation of the Soviet Union, and marked the end of Europe's long global hegemony. | It toppled four European empires, led to the creation of the Soviet Union, and marked the end of Europe's long global hegemony. |