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U.S. Joining Allies in Rebuke of Chinese Cyberespionage | |
(about 3 hours later) | |
WASHINGTON — The United States is joining with several allies and trading partners in a collective rebuke of China’s attempts to obtain trade secrets and intellectual property through a state-coordinated cyberespionage campaign, according to people with knowledge of the plan. | |
The move comes as the Justice Department announced criminal charges on Thursday against hackers it said were linked to China’s security services who have infiltrated commercial and government websites in an effort to advance Beijing’s economic and geopolitical interests. | |
The Justice Department said it had charged two Chinese nationals, Zhu Hua and Zhang Shilong, with conspiracy to hack into computer systems and commit wire fraud and identity theft. | |
The indictment by the Justice Department lays out the broad outlines of what it calls a yearslong campaign by China to steal American technological secrets in a range of industries to allow Beijing’s companies to undercut international competitors and help its military erode the United States’ defensive edge. | |
The Justice Department said the hackers worked for a Chinese company called Huaying Haitai Science and Technology Development Company, but were in fact acting on behalf of the Chinese Ministry of State Security’s Tianjin State Security Bureau — the same arm of the security ministry that has been responsible for several cyberhacking and espionage cases this year. The hackers were part of a group known as Advanced Persistent Threat 10, or APT10, whose hacking operations evolved over time, becoming more adept at overcoming network defenses and improving its tradecraft. | |
APT10 is a well-known hacking group that American cyberprotection companies have repeatedly singled out for sending phishing emails aimed at installing malicious software on the computers of its victims. | |
“The indictment alleges that the defendants were part of a group that hacked computers in at least a dozen countries and gave China’s intelligence service access to sensitive business information,” Rod J. Rosenstein, the deputy attorney general, said at a news conference. “This is outright cheating and theft, and it gives China an unfair advantage at the expensive of law-abiding businesses and countries that follow the international rules in return for the privilege of participating in the global economic system.” | |
Between 2006 and 2018, according to the indictment, the APT10 group broke into defense technology companies and the American government to steal information and data on various technologies. | |
The group stole technology from a range of industries, including aviation, pharmaceuticals, oil and gas exploration, and computer processors. | |
The indictment also says that beginning in 2014, APT10 began a campaign of targeting managed service providers, companies that provide computer services like cloud computing and networking support. The campaign allowed APT10 to penetrate the networks and steal confidential business data from companies around the world, the indictment says. | |
In addition to its corporate espionage, the group compromised Department of the Navy computer systems, downloading the private information of more than 100,000 Navy personnel, the Justice Department said. | In addition to its corporate espionage, the group compromised Department of the Navy computer systems, downloading the private information of more than 100,000 Navy personnel, the Justice Department said. |
Since 2006, the APT10 group has attacked American corporations, and since 2014, the group, including Mr. Zhu and Mr. Zhang, worked to hack into computer networks of businesses and governments around the world in order to steal intellectual property and confidential business data, the indictment alleges. | |
The defendants gained access to the computers of a company with offices in New York, and stole data about its clients in banking and finance, telecommunications, manufacturing, health care and other industries. | |
The two defendants also broke into the computer networks of more than 45 technology companies and American government agencies to steal aviation, space, satellite and manufacturing technology, the Justice Department said. | |
“China stands accused of engaging in criminal activity that victimizes individuals and companies in the United States, violates our laws and departs from international norms of state behavior,” Mr. Rosenstein said. | “China stands accused of engaging in criminal activity that victimizes individuals and companies in the United States, violates our laws and departs from international norms of state behavior,” Mr. Rosenstein said. |
He accused China of attempting to “dominate” other countries through economic espionage, and said the response “requires a strategic, whole-of-government approach to the threats that China poses.” | He accused China of attempting to “dominate” other countries through economic espionage, and said the response “requires a strategic, whole-of-government approach to the threats that China poses.” |
The indictment comes as the United States and other nations are prepared to release a joint statement condemning China for the type of action the Justice Department is alleging. The statement is expected to be signed by officials from Britain, Japan, Canada, Germany and Australia and comes as negotiators from China and the United States prepare for a series of high-stakes trade meetings ahead of a March 2 deadline. | |
The major enforcement announcement also comes as the United States is seeking to extradite a top Chinese businesswoman, accusing her of helping the technology giant Huawei violate American sanctions against Iran. | |
Both Thursday’s actions and the Huawei case also clash with President Trump’s desire to use the legal system as a pawn in his trade negotiations with China. | |
Tensions over trade and China’s business practices spilled into view at a meeting of the World Trade Organization this week, when the United States used the gathering of world leaders to accuse China of breaking the law to advance its economic interests. | Tensions over trade and China’s business practices spilled into view at a meeting of the World Trade Organization this week, when the United States used the gathering of world leaders to accuse China of breaking the law to advance its economic interests. |
“China will force technology transfer, and outright steal it when it sees fit,” Dennis Shea, the American emissary, said during the meeting on Wednesday. “China will subsidize and maintain excess capacity in multiple industries, forcing producers in other economies to shut down. China will dump its products on our markets, claiming that all is O.K. because our consumers pay a bit less.” | “China will force technology transfer, and outright steal it when it sees fit,” Dennis Shea, the American emissary, said during the meeting on Wednesday. “China will subsidize and maintain excess capacity in multiple industries, forcing producers in other economies to shut down. China will dump its products on our markets, claiming that all is O.K. because our consumers pay a bit less.” |
But law enforcement officials are wary of entwining Mr. Trump’s trade and tariff agenda with their work to hold Beijing accountable for violating the law. | |
For more than a decade, the Justice Department has been building criminal cases against Chinese companies, government agencies and hackers, alleging that those entities have worked in tandem to steal trade secrets and military information in an effort to vault the Chinese economy into the 21st century and make the nation a global superpower. | For more than a decade, the Justice Department has been building criminal cases against Chinese companies, government agencies and hackers, alleging that those entities have worked in tandem to steal trade secrets and military information in an effort to vault the Chinese economy into the 21st century and make the nation a global superpower. |
Those efforts accelerated this year with a spate of indictments accusing the Ministry of State Security, China’s largest intelligence-gathering agency, of using espionage to steal information from American defense contractors that would help China’s own aerospace industry. | |