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| Angela Merkel, Anti-Semitism, Russia: Your Tuesday Briefing | Angela Merkel, Anti-Semitism, Russia: Your Tuesday Briefing |
| (about 3 hours later) | |
| (Want to get this briefing by email? Here’s the sign-up.) | (Want to get this briefing by email? Here’s the sign-up.) |
| Good morning. Angela Merkel prepares to retire, Pittsburgh mourns its shooting victims and a memorial persists in Russia. | Good morning. Angela Merkel prepares to retire, Pittsburgh mourns its shooting victims and a memorial persists in Russia. |
| Here’s the latest: | Here’s the latest: |
| • “It is time to start a new chapter.” | • “It is time to start a new chapter.” |
| Chancellor Angela Merkel of Germany, above, is stepping down as leader of her conservative party and says she will not seek re-election, a seismic shift for a country she has governed for 13 years. | Chancellor Angela Merkel of Germany, above, is stepping down as leader of her conservative party and says she will not seek re-election, a seismic shift for a country she has governed for 13 years. |
| Her announcement followed two disastrous results in regional elections that saw her party and its allies slump to near-record lows. It underlined the new fragility of German politics and the great uncertainty for a Europe without Ms. Merkel at the helm. | Her announcement followed two disastrous results in regional elections that saw her party and its allies slump to near-record lows. It underlined the new fragility of German politics and the great uncertainty for a Europe without Ms. Merkel at the helm. |
| Though Ms. Merkel vowed to serve out her term until 2021, few observers believe she can hang on that long, speculating that new elections could be held as early as next year. We examine possible candidates to take the reins of her party, the Christian Democrats. | Though Ms. Merkel vowed to serve out her term until 2021, few observers believe she can hang on that long, speculating that new elections could be held as early as next year. We examine possible candidates to take the reins of her party, the Christian Democrats. |
| _____ | _____ |
| • Depths of shock, loss and fear. | • Depths of shock, loss and fear. |
| Dr. Jerry Rabinowitz, who helped people with H.I.V. at a time when much of America shunned them, was among the 11 people killed in a massacre at a synagogue in Pittsburgh on Saturday. | Dr. Jerry Rabinowitz, who helped people with H.I.V. at a time when much of America shunned them, was among the 11 people killed in a massacre at a synagogue in Pittsburgh on Saturday. |
| “He held a lamp up that lit the way for us,” one of his former patients said. | “He held a lamp up that lit the way for us,” one of his former patients said. |
| The first funerals for the victims will take place on Tuesday, the same day that President Trump will travel to Pittsburgh. His visit could prove controversial over his inflammatory language surrounding the shooting. | The first funerals for the victims will take place on Tuesday, the same day that President Trump will travel to Pittsburgh. His visit could prove controversial over his inflammatory language surrounding the shooting. |
| Meanwhile, Robert Bowers, the man accused of killing the congregants, appeared in federal court on Monday, as did Cesar Sayoc Jr., the Florida bombing suspect accused of sending more than a dozen explosive devices to critics of Mr. Trump. | Meanwhile, Robert Bowers, the man accused of killing the congregants, appeared in federal court on Monday, as did Cesar Sayoc Jr., the Florida bombing suspect accused of sending more than a dozen explosive devices to critics of Mr. Trump. |
| The Pittsburgh synagogue attack didn’t come out of nowhere. Anti-Semitic incidents are on the rise in the U.S., Europe and elsewhere. It also brought to the surface painful political and theological rifts between Israeli and American Jews. | The Pittsburgh synagogue attack didn’t come out of nowhere. Anti-Semitic incidents are on the rise in the U.S., Europe and elsewhere. It also brought to the surface painful political and theological rifts between Israeli and American Jews. |
| _____ | _____ |
| • Conspiracy theories intersect with deadly violence. | • Conspiracy theories intersect with deadly violence. |
| The Pittsburgh shooting and the wave of attempted bombings last week jolted the electorate and deepened concerns about the inflammatory political language in the U.S. | The Pittsburgh shooting and the wave of attempted bombings last week jolted the electorate and deepened concerns about the inflammatory political language in the U.S. |
| “There is clear overlap,” our political reporter writes, “between the hatred and delusion that drove this lethal behavior and the paranoia and misinformation surrounding the caravan.” | “There is clear overlap,” our political reporter writes, “between the hatred and delusion that drove this lethal behavior and the paranoia and misinformation surrounding the caravan.” |
| He was referring to the migrant caravan moving north through Mexico, above. Though it is still 2,000 miles from the U.S., President Trump announced plans to deploy at least 5,200 active-duty troops to the border by the end of this week. | He was referring to the migrant caravan moving north through Mexico, above. Though it is still 2,000 miles from the U.S., President Trump announced plans to deploy at least 5,200 active-duty troops to the border by the end of this week. |
| Mr. Trump and his conservative allies have been animating Republican voters with baseless claims about the caravan, including that it was financed by George Soros, the Jewish liberal philanthropist who received one of the threatening packages. | Mr. Trump and his conservative allies have been animating Republican voters with baseless claims about the caravan, including that it was financed by George Soros, the Jewish liberal philanthropist who received one of the threatening packages. |
| In a group call today at 10:30 a.m. Eastern, Times journalists will discuss the U.S. midterm elections to give our international readers a richer understanding. | In a group call today at 10:30 a.m. Eastern, Times journalists will discuss the U.S. midterm elections to give our international readers a richer understanding. |
| _____ | _____ |
| • “We are being crushed.” | • “We are being crushed.” |
| Millions of people in Yemen have been pushed to the brink of starvation by a devastating war led by Saudi Arabia. Above, a man in the mountain village of Juberia at the grave of his son, who died of malnutrition. | Millions of people in Yemen have been pushed to the brink of starvation by a devastating war led by Saudi Arabia. Above, a man in the mountain village of Juberia at the grave of his son, who died of malnutrition. |
| Experts and U.N. officials say Saudi Arabia is using economic warfare to drive large swaths of the population into poverty and risking a catastrophic famine. | Experts and U.N. officials say Saudi Arabia is using economic warfare to drive large swaths of the population into poverty and risking a catastrophic famine. |
| A doctor in a clinic overwhelmed by refugees pointed out a drowsy 7-year-old girl. “Look,” she said. “No meat. Only bones.” | A doctor in a clinic overwhelmed by refugees pointed out a drowsy 7-year-old girl. “Look,” she said. “No meat. Only bones.” |
| We know these pictures are difficult to look at. But the duty of journalism is to give voice to the abandoned, victimized and forgotten. | We know these pictures are difficult to look at. But the duty of journalism is to give voice to the abandoned, victimized and forgotten. |
| Here’s how you can help. | Here’s how you can help. |
| _____ | _____ |
| • Indonesia’s air safety record is tarnished again. | • Indonesia’s air safety record is tarnished again. |
| All 189 passengers are feared dead on a Lion Air flight that took off from Jakarta, the capital, and crashed into the Java Sea on Monday. Above, Indonesian rescuers retrieving parts from the plane. | All 189 passengers are feared dead on a Lion Air flight that took off from Jakarta, the capital, and crashed into the Java Sea on Monday. Above, Indonesian rescuers retrieving parts from the plane. |
| The cause of the crash wasn’t clear, but the skies were clear and the plane, a Boeing 737 Max 8, was brand-new. It was the latest of at least 15 episodes involving Lion Air since the budget carrier began operations in 2000. | The cause of the crash wasn’t clear, but the skies were clear and the plane, a Boeing 737 Max 8, was brand-new. It was the latest of at least 15 episodes involving Lion Air since the budget carrier began operations in 2000. |
| Boeing’s stock fell more than 6 percent on Monday, and the crash may also affect G.E., which makes the engine for the 737 through a joint venture with Safran of France. G.E. is expected to report its earnings today. | Boeing’s stock fell more than 6 percent on Monday, and the crash may also affect G.E., which makes the engine for the 737 through a joint venture with Safran of France. G.E. is expected to report its earnings today. |
| • Social media companies’ efforts to combat hateful and false content have proved toothless, as those posts and videos continue to thrive. Above, Facebook employees in a “war room” in Menlo Park, Calif. | • Social media companies’ efforts to combat hateful and false content have proved toothless, as those posts and videos continue to thrive. Above, Facebook employees in a “war room” in Menlo Park, Calif. |
| • Austerity is over, Philip Hammond, chancellor of the Exchequer, declared in his final budget speech before Britain’s scheduled withdrawal from the E.U. But worries about the stalled Brexit negotiations still hang over the economy. | |
| • Campbell Soup decided to “accelerate” the retirement of an executive who shared a conspiracy theory on Twitter that linked the migrant caravan in Mexico to George Soros. | • Campbell Soup decided to “accelerate” the retirement of an executive who shared a conspiracy theory on Twitter that linked the migrant caravan in Mexico to George Soros. |
| • “Dwarsliggers,” the mini books that are wildly popular in the Netherlands, are migrating to the United States. | • “Dwarsliggers,” the mini books that are wildly popular in the Netherlands, are migrating to the United States. |
| • Here’s a snapshot of global markets. | • Here’s a snapshot of global markets. |
| • In Moscow, an annual memorial commemorating victims of repression under Stalin, above, continued after officials backed down from a decision to bar it from its traditional site. [The New York Times] | • In Moscow, an annual memorial commemorating victims of repression under Stalin, above, continued after officials backed down from a decision to bar it from its traditional site. [The New York Times] |
| • Jair Bolsonaro, the newly elected president of Brazil, channeled the wrath and exasperation of many citizens in his populist campaign. Watch our video of his acceptance speech. [The New York Times] | • Jair Bolsonaro, the newly elected president of Brazil, channeled the wrath and exasperation of many citizens in his populist campaign. Watch our video of his acceptance speech. [The New York Times] |
| • The Chinese government said it would reverse a 25-year ban by permitting the use of rhinoceros horns and tiger bones in medicine. [The New York Times] | • The Chinese government said it would reverse a 25-year ban by permitting the use of rhinoceros horns and tiger bones in medicine. [The New York Times] |
| • Cornell University said it would cut ties with Renmin University in Beijing after the school punished at least a dozen students who campaigned for Chinese workers’ rights. [The New York Times] | • Cornell University said it would cut ties with Renmin University in Beijing after the school punished at least a dozen students who campaigned for Chinese workers’ rights. [The New York Times] |
| • Thousands of Gaza residents attended the funerals of three Palestinian boys killed by an Israeli airstrike along the security fence with Israel. [The New York Times] | • Thousands of Gaza residents attended the funerals of three Palestinian boys killed by an Israeli airstrike along the security fence with Israel. [The New York Times] |
| Tips for a more fulfilling life. | Tips for a more fulfilling life. |
| • Recipe of the day: Got a sweet tooth? Make these cakelike apple cider whoopie pies. | • Recipe of the day: Got a sweet tooth? Make these cakelike apple cider whoopie pies. |
| • Want to get rid of dark circles and bags around your eyes? We asked dermatologists and doctors for their best tips. | • Want to get rid of dark circles and bags around your eyes? We asked dermatologists and doctors for their best tips. |
| • What “business casual” really means, and how to dress for success. | • What “business casual” really means, and how to dress for success. |
| • After a magical solo trip through the Black Forest over a decade ago, our Books editor returned to Germany, this time with her children, to recreate the fairy tale. Above, the ruins of Schloss Heidelberg, a Renaissance castle. | • After a magical solo trip through the Black Forest over a decade ago, our Books editor returned to Germany, this time with her children, to recreate the fairy tale. Above, the ruins of Schloss Heidelberg, a Renaissance castle. |
| • Lives frozen by conflict: Paula Bronstein’s images in eastern Ukraine’s Donbas region focus on the often forgotten older population. | • Lives frozen by conflict: Paula Bronstein’s images in eastern Ukraine’s Donbas region focus on the often forgotten older population. |
| • And today’s word is “groutier”: It means sulky or bad-tempered. The adjective helped Nigel Richards of New Zealand win his fourth World Scrabble Championship. | • And today’s word is “groutier”: It means sulky or bad-tempered. The adjective helped Nigel Richards of New Zealand win his fourth World Scrabble Championship. |
| Three pairs of shoes per person annually — that was the initial allotment allowed under a World War II-era shoe rationing program in the U.S. introduced because of strains on leather and rubber supplies. | Three pairs of shoes per person annually — that was the initial allotment allowed under a World War II-era shoe rationing program in the U.S. introduced because of strains on leather and rubber supplies. |
| The end of rationing was announced on this day in 1945. | The end of rationing was announced on this day in 1945. |
| Less conventional options than rationing were also considered, such as forcing “manufacturers to produce shoes that would be so unattractive that people would not buy them unless absolutely needed,” according to the government’s statement introducing the program in 1943. | Less conventional options than rationing were also considered, such as forcing “manufacturers to produce shoes that would be so unattractive that people would not buy them unless absolutely needed,” according to the government’s statement introducing the program in 1943. |
| The government ultimately decided against pursuing that path, settling for the annual cap instead. Britain, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand and Italy put similar limits in place. | The government ultimately decided against pursuing that path, settling for the annual cap instead. Britain, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand and Italy put similar limits in place. |
| Although the program was announced with little warning to limit hoarding and prevent a run on shoes, its stipulations were far-reaching. Babies were not exempt. | Although the program was announced with little warning to limit hoarding and prevent a run on shoes, its stipulations were far-reaching. Babies were not exempt. |
| Aside from the quantity limits, the program also curtailed the styles and colors of shoes available, with black, white, town brown and army russet in, while wingtips and heels exceeding two and five-eighths inches were out. | Aside from the quantity limits, the program also curtailed the styles and colors of shoes available, with black, white, town brown and army russet in, while wingtips and heels exceeding two and five-eighths inches were out. |
| After the program ended, some consumer behaviors that developed during the rationing period stuck, with casual shoes that had become popular under rationing continuing to drive demand. | After the program ended, some consumer behaviors that developed during the rationing period stuck, with casual shoes that had become popular under rationing continuing to drive demand. |
| The year 1946 was on track to be what a report in The Times called one of the “best-shod” years in history. | The year 1946 was on track to be what a report in The Times called one of the “best-shod” years in history. |
| Nadav Gavrielov wrote today’s Back Story. | Nadav Gavrielov wrote today’s Back Story. |
| _____ | _____ |
| Your Morning Briefing is published weekday mornings and updated online. | Your Morning Briefing is published weekday mornings and updated online. |
| Check out this page to find a Morning Briefing for your region. (In addition to our European edition, we have Australian, Asian and U.S. editions.) | Check out this page to find a Morning Briefing for your region. (In addition to our European edition, we have Australian, Asian and U.S. editions.) |
| Sign up here to receive an Evening Briefing on U.S. weeknights, and here’s our full range of free newsletters. | Sign up here to receive an Evening Briefing on U.S. weeknights, and here’s our full range of free newsletters. |
| What would you like to see here? Contact us at europebriefing@nytimes.com. | What would you like to see here? Contact us at europebriefing@nytimes.com. |