This article is from the source 'bbc' and was first published or seen on . It last changed over 40 days ago and won't be checked again for changes.

You can find the current article at its original source at http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-42611265

The article has changed 3 times. There is an RSS feed of changes available.

Version 0 Version 1
Do football manager touchline bans affect results? Do football manager touchline bans affect results?
(about 13 hours later)
Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger is serving a three-match touchline ban for verbally abusing a referee and questioning his integrity.Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger is serving a three-match touchline ban for verbally abusing a referee and questioning his integrity.
The Reality Check team has been trying to establish whether touchline bans have any effect on a team's results.The Reality Check team has been trying to establish whether touchline bans have any effect on a team's results.
A touchline ban means that a manager can only communicate with his playing team through his assistants, phoning in his decisions from up in the stands.A touchline ban means that a manager can only communicate with his playing team through his assistants, phoning in his decisions from up in the stands.
We made a list going back to August 2016 of all the league games in the top four English leagues where a manager has been subject to a touchline ban.We made a list going back to August 2016 of all the league games in the top four English leagues where a manager has been subject to a touchline ban.
Each team's points-per-game average over a season allowed us to calculate how many points the team could have expected from each match.Each team's points-per-game average over a season allowed us to calculate how many points the team could have expected from each match.
We then compared this with what actually happened.We then compared this with what actually happened.
There was a tiny difference. There was a tiny difference. The average points per game during touchline bans was 1.03 as opposed to 1.27 under normal circumstances, which could de due to chance.
But, while this didn't prove that touchline bans had any effect on results, bear with us, there's more. Although the data do not show that touchline bans make a difference, some experts believe they are still likely to have an effect.
The BBC's head of statistics Robert Cuffe subjected the data to something called a T-test, which determines whether or not a result is statistically significant.
It came out as zero: there was no real effect. But even this was not enough to conclude that touchline bans make no difference, partly because there are so many variables in a game of football.
"It's hard to show what effect any one thing has in a sport with so many moving parts," says sports statistician Rob Mastrodomenico."It's hard to show what effect any one thing has in a sport with so many moving parts," says sports statistician Rob Mastrodomenico.
Over and outOver and out
The lack of direct communication between a manager and players during a ban creates two problems, according to sports psychologist Bradley Busch, who runs Inner Drive, a sports psychology training centre.The lack of direct communication between a manager and players during a ban creates two problems, according to sports psychologist Bradley Busch, who runs Inner Drive, a sports psychology training centre.
The first is the speed with which instructions can be relayed, and the second is psychological.The first is the speed with which instructions can be relayed, and the second is psychological.
"It's a very fast-paced game - the picture on the pitch might look dramatically different to how it did one or two minutes before," he says. "And players tend to like consistency and certainty. If things are different it tends to stress people out."It's a very fast-paced game - the picture on the pitch might look dramatically different to how it did one or two minutes before," he says. "And players tend to like consistency and certainty. If things are different it tends to stress people out.
"I'd be amazed if the win ratio wasn't lower. I'd almost bet my mortgage on it.""I'd be amazed if the win ratio wasn't lower. I'd almost bet my mortgage on it."
But some managers have pointed out that they get the best view from the stands, which can help with technical decisions.But some managers have pointed out that they get the best view from the stands, which can help with technical decisions.
"It is more talismanic than it is a genuine disadvantage," says psychologist Dr George Sik. "If a manager's been a naughty boy, it may affect the team's respect for the manager - or they may play better.""It is more talismanic than it is a genuine disadvantage," says psychologist Dr George Sik. "If a manager's been a naughty boy, it may affect the team's respect for the manager - or they may play better."
Half-time speechesHalf-time speeches
A lot of what the manager shouts from the touchline isn't actually audible to the players on the pitch.A lot of what the manager shouts from the touchline isn't actually audible to the players on the pitch.
Half-time is when a manager's character can make a difference. Team talks are the stuff of legend.Half-time is when a manager's character can make a difference. Team talks are the stuff of legend.
In the 1966 World Cup final, Alf Ramsey spoke to his team before extra time: "You've won it once. Now you'll have to go out there and win it again."In the 1966 World Cup final, Alf Ramsey spoke to his team before extra time: "You've won it once. Now you'll have to go out there and win it again."
Perhaps it helped.Perhaps it helped.
But Dr Sik is not convinced that this sort of thing goes on in the dressing room most weekends.But Dr Sik is not convinced that this sort of thing goes on in the dressing room most weekends.
"We've all seen the films where the manager gives a team talk, invokes the memory of a dead player, the martial theme music starts up and that totally turns things round," he says. "It's pretty rare that that actually happens.""We've all seen the films where the manager gives a team talk, invokes the memory of a dead player, the martial theme music starts up and that totally turns things round," he says. "It's pretty rare that that actually happens."
He adds that when he interviewed football managers for his book I Think I'll Manage: Football Managers Reveal the Tricks of Their Trade, not one of them gave an example of a half time speech that had changed the course of a match.He adds that when he interviewed football managers for his book I Think I'll Manage: Football Managers Reveal the Tricks of Their Trade, not one of them gave an example of a half time speech that had changed the course of a match.
Repeat offendersRepeat offenders
The list of touchline bans highlighted the fact that some managers are quite used to getting banned.The list of touchline bans highlighted the fact that some managers are quite used to getting banned.
As well as Wenger, Manchester United boss Jose Mourinho, Southend United's Phil Brown, Barnsley's Paul Heckingbottom, Hartlepool's Craig Hignett and former Sheffield Wednesday manager Carlos Carvalhal all appeared more than once.As well as Wenger, Manchester United boss Jose Mourinho, Southend United's Phil Brown, Barnsley's Paul Heckingbottom, Hartlepool's Craig Hignett and former Sheffield Wednesday manager Carlos Carvalhal all appeared more than once.
"Wenger speaks frequently to his players throughout the match and so has an important impact on the game" says Dr Marco Beato, a sports scientist at the University of Suffolk."Wenger speaks frequently to his players throughout the match and so has an important impact on the game" says Dr Marco Beato, a sports scientist at the University of Suffolk.
It's perhaps no coincidence that managers most prone to outbursts in the stadium are often the ones who most forcefully impose their personality on a team.It's perhaps no coincidence that managers most prone to outbursts in the stadium are often the ones who most forcefully impose their personality on a team.
Read more from Reality CheckRead more from Reality Check
Send us your questionsSend us your questions
Follow us on TwitterFollow us on Twitter