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| Parliament in Germany Approves Same-Sex Marriage | |
| (35 minutes later) | |
| BERLIN — Lawmakers in Germany voted on Friday to allow same-sex marriage after a short, suddenly scheduled debate in a packed, emotional session of Parliament, setting the stage for the country to join more than a dozen European countries — including Ireland, France and Spain — in legalizing such unions. | BERLIN — Lawmakers in Germany voted on Friday to allow same-sex marriage after a short, suddenly scheduled debate in a packed, emotional session of Parliament, setting the stage for the country to join more than a dozen European countries — including Ireland, France and Spain — in legalizing such unions. |
| The historic import of the decision was clear even before the vote, with Norbert Lammert, the president of the Parliament, welcoming attendees to what he called “an unusually early meeting with unusually many deputies and journalists present.” | The historic import of the decision was clear even before the vote, with Norbert Lammert, the president of the Parliament, welcoming attendees to what he called “an unusually early meeting with unusually many deputies and journalists present.” |
| “If the Constitution guarantees one thing, it is that anyone in this country can live as they wish,” Thomas Oppermann, the parliamentary leader of the opposition Social Democrats, said while debating the law. “If gay marriage is decided, then many will receive something, but nobody will have something taken away.” | “If the Constitution guarantees one thing, it is that anyone in this country can live as they wish,” Thomas Oppermann, the parliamentary leader of the opposition Social Democrats, said while debating the law. “If gay marriage is decided, then many will receive something, but nobody will have something taken away.” |
| Same-sex couples in Germany could already form civil unions, but they could not marry. Opinion polls have shown for years that most Germans favored legalizing same-sex marriage, but conservatives have consistently blocked the issue from coming to a vote in Parliament. | Same-sex couples in Germany could already form civil unions, but they could not marry. Opinion polls have shown for years that most Germans favored legalizing same-sex marriage, but conservatives have consistently blocked the issue from coming to a vote in Parliament. |
| The country’s normally staid politics were jolted in the direction of approving gay marriage last weekend, when two major political parties said they would make the legislation a condition of any future coalition agreement with the Christian Democrats, led by Chancellor Angela Merkel, who is seeking a fourth term in the general election in September. | The country’s normally staid politics were jolted in the direction of approving gay marriage last weekend, when two major political parties said they would make the legislation a condition of any future coalition agreement with the Christian Democrats, led by Chancellor Angela Merkel, who is seeking a fourth term in the general election in September. |
| Ms. Merkel reacted swiftly by abandoning her party’s stance against same-sex marriage and freeing individual lawmakers to vote on the issue as they saw fit, advocating a vote that “is a question of conscience, rather than something I push through with a majority vote.” | Ms. Merkel reacted swiftly by abandoning her party’s stance against same-sex marriage and freeing individual lawmakers to vote on the issue as they saw fit, advocating a vote that “is a question of conscience, rather than something I push through with a majority vote.” |
| Ms. Merkel voted against the measure Friday, but the final result left gay-rights groups jubilant, and they said approval of the measure marked a turning point. | Ms. Merkel voted against the measure Friday, but the final result left gay-rights groups jubilant, and they said approval of the measure marked a turning point. |
| “It’s very positive for the self-esteem of gays and lesbians; it’s very important for people coming out, knowing that they have this equality; and it sends a clear message to any homophobic refugees coming to Germany: We have equality here,” said Arnd Bächler, a counselor and addiction therapist at Berlin’s gay counseling center. | “It’s very positive for the self-esteem of gays and lesbians; it’s very important for people coming out, knowing that they have this equality; and it sends a clear message to any homophobic refugees coming to Germany: We have equality here,” said Arnd Bächler, a counselor and addiction therapist at Berlin’s gay counseling center. |
| Approval of same-sex marriage in Germany could build momentum for similar legislation in other German-speaking countries, like Austria and Switzerland, said Katrin Hugendubel, advocacy director of ILGA-Europe, a gay and transgender rights group. She said the developments in Germany illustrated the difference that opposition parties can make. | Approval of same-sex marriage in Germany could build momentum for similar legislation in other German-speaking countries, like Austria and Switzerland, said Katrin Hugendubel, advocacy director of ILGA-Europe, a gay and transgender rights group. She said the developments in Germany illustrated the difference that opposition parties can make. |
| “For us, the most important lesson is for the opposition to be very outspoken in supporting L.G.B.T.I. rights,” Ms. Hugendubel said. “The Social Democrats’ and the Greens’ making it a coalition condition raised the pressure on the conservatives, so it’s very important that those in favor across Europe make it a condition, and be very strong in their support.” | “For us, the most important lesson is for the opposition to be very outspoken in supporting L.G.B.T.I. rights,” Ms. Hugendubel said. “The Social Democrats’ and the Greens’ making it a coalition condition raised the pressure on the conservatives, so it’s very important that those in favor across Europe make it a condition, and be very strong in their support.” |
| During the debate on Friday, some of the more conservative members of Ms. Merkel’s wing defended marriage as a union between men and women and argued that the law is on uncertain legal ground. Gerda Hasselfeldt, who heads the Christian Social Union in parliament, argued that while all Germans deserved respect, conventional marriage was the foundation of family-life and was the “basis of order in our state.” | During the debate on Friday, some of the more conservative members of Ms. Merkel’s wing defended marriage as a union between men and women and argued that the law is on uncertain legal ground. Gerda Hasselfeldt, who heads the Christian Social Union in parliament, argued that while all Germans deserved respect, conventional marriage was the foundation of family-life and was the “basis of order in our state.” |
| “To me it remains clear that same sex partnership is not the same thing as a marriage. In our cultural circles, marriage has for centuries been a union between man and woman,” said Volker Kauder, the parliamentary leader of the conservative bloc of the Christian Democrats and the Christian Social Union. | “To me it remains clear that same sex partnership is not the same thing as a marriage. In our cultural circles, marriage has for centuries been a union between man and woman,” said Volker Kauder, the parliamentary leader of the conservative bloc of the Christian Democrats and the Christian Social Union. |
| Mr. Kauder also directly warned Justice Minister Heiko Maas, who in 2015 suggested that the Constitution had to be altered to allow gay marriage but this week said such a step was unnecessary, that the law “cannot be changed for political opportunities.” | Mr. Kauder also directly warned Justice Minister Heiko Maas, who in 2015 suggested that the Constitution had to be altered to allow gay marriage but this week said such a step was unnecessary, that the law “cannot be changed for political opportunities.” |
| Christine Lüders, the director of the German government’s anti-discrimination agency, said that the law was “not about special rights for anyone, but about equal rights.” | Christine Lüders, the director of the German government’s anti-discrimination agency, said that the law was “not about special rights for anyone, but about equal rights.” |
| Ms. Lüders said the law would play a significant role in combating discrimination, by helping to make same-sex relationships a social norm in Germany, as they have become in many countries. Last week, the German Parliament voted to void the convictions of 50,000 men punished under an anti-gay law repealed in 1994. | Ms. Lüders said the law would play a significant role in combating discrimination, by helping to make same-sex relationships a social norm in Germany, as they have become in many countries. Last week, the German Parliament voted to void the convictions of 50,000 men punished under an anti-gay law repealed in 1994. |
| “I am certain that just a few years from now, as a society, we will look back on this decision on marriage equality and ask ourselves, ‘Why on earth did it take us so long?’ ” Ms. Lüders said. | “I am certain that just a few years from now, as a society, we will look back on this decision on marriage equality and ask ourselves, ‘Why on earth did it take us so long?’ ” Ms. Lüders said. |