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Tunisia beach attack: 30 Britons were unlawfully killed, coroner rules Families of Tunisia beach attack victims to sue travel company
(35 minutes later)
Thirty Britons shot dead in a mass shooting at a Tunisian holiday resort were unlawfully killed by a terrorist, a coroner has ruled. The bereaved families of some of the British victims of the Tunisian terror attack are to sue Thomson holidays’ owner, Tui, after a coroner ruled all 30 were unlawfully killed.
Judge Nicholas Loraine-Smith was delivering his verdict at the end of the seven-week inquest into the deaths of 30 Britons in a mass shooting at the Tunisian holiday resort of Sousse in 2015. As the victims’ families listened tearfully to his summing up of the evidence, the coroner said: “My conclusions are that all 30 were unlawfully killed.” Judge Nicholas Loraine-Smith delivered his verdict on Tuesday at the end of a seven-week inquest into the deaths of 30 Britons in a mass shooting at the Tunisian holiday resort of Sousse in 2015.
He went on to give individual verdicts of unlawful killing for each of the deceased in alphabetical order, providing brief details of the nature of their fatal injuries and the location in the hotel grounds where they died. After relatives listened tearfully to Loraine-Smith’s summing up, in which he rejected an argument by the families that neglect by the tour operator played a part in the tragedy, a solicitor for 22 of the victims’ families said her clients would launch civil proceedings against Tui, with whom all 30 had booked their trip.
Loraine-Smith rejected an argument by the victims’ families that neglect by the tour operator played a part in the tragedy. With a group of bereaved relatives standing behind her, Kylie Hutchison, a solicitor at Irwin Mitchell, said: “It is now crucial that the whole travel industry learns from what happened in Sousse to reduce the risk of similar catastrophic incidents in the future.
“On behalf of our clients who lost members of their family and those who suffered injuries in this terrible incident, we will now be preparing to commence civil proceedings against Tui.”
Speaking outside the court, Tui’s UK managing director, Nick Longman, said the company was “so very sorry” for the “pain and loss those affected have suffered”. He added: “As an industry we have adapted and we will need to continue to do so.”
Hundreds of tourists were sunbathing outside the Imperial Marhaba hotel when jihadi Seifeddine Rezgui opened fire with a Kalashnikov assault rifle, killing 38 people, 30 of them British, in a rampage that lasted about 30 minutes. Rezgui was shot dead by Tunisian authorities as he ran from the hotel.Hundreds of tourists were sunbathing outside the Imperial Marhaba hotel when jihadi Seifeddine Rezgui opened fire with a Kalashnikov assault rifle, killing 38 people, 30 of them British, in a rampage that lasted about 30 minutes. Rezgui was shot dead by Tunisian authorities as he ran from the hotel.
Tui – the travel company that owns Thomson holidays, through which all 30 of the Britons booked their trip – came under significant scrutiny over its handling of Foreign Office travel advice for Tunisia as well as the security at the hotel. During his summing up, the coroner: Tui came under significant scrutiny over its handling of Foreign Office travel advice for Tunisia as well as the security at the hotel. During his summing up, the coroner:
Found that Tui did not inform customers where to find the advice in the wake of a prior attack on the Bardo National Museum in the capital of Tunis that killed 22 people.Found that Tui did not inform customers where to find the advice in the wake of a prior attack on the Bardo National Museum in the capital of Tunis that killed 22 people.
Said that customers believed they had been reassured by Tui in the wake of the Bardo attack that it was safe to travel to Tunisia, although this was disputed by Tui.Said that customers believed they had been reassured by Tui in the wake of the Bardo attack that it was safe to travel to Tunisia, although this was disputed by Tui.
Described the Tunisian police response, which he said was deliberately delayed, as “at best shambolic, at worst cowardly”.Described the Tunisian police response, which he said was deliberately delayed, as “at best shambolic, at worst cowardly”.
Praised the families of the victims for “a quiet dignity of which your loved ones would be proud”.Praised the families of the victims for “a quiet dignity of which your loved ones would be proud”.
Lawyers representing the families had urged the coroner to rule that neglect played a part in their loved ones’ deaths alongside a conventional finding of unlawful killing.Lawyers representing the families had urged the coroner to rule that neglect played a part in their loved ones’ deaths alongside a conventional finding of unlawful killing.
But Loraine-Smith told the inquest that legal precedents prevented inquests from applying that conclusion to tourists on holiday because they were not “dependent” on the travel company or hotel. Referring to existing precedents, he said: “They very substantially limit the circumstances in which neglect can feature in the conclusions.”But Loraine-Smith told the inquest that legal precedents prevented inquests from applying that conclusion to tourists on holiday because they were not “dependent” on the travel company or hotel. Referring to existing precedents, he said: “They very substantially limit the circumstances in which neglect can feature in the conclusions.”
He said he agreed with Tui lawyer Howard Stevens QC that it would be a “quantum leap” in the law to consider the holidaymakers as being “dependent”.He said he agreed with Tui lawyer Howard Stevens QC that it would be a “quantum leap” in the law to consider the holidaymakers as being “dependent”.
Loraine-Smith added that there were a lot of “what ifs” around the case, and better hotel security may simply have meant that more people died on the beach instead.Loraine-Smith added that there were a lot of “what ifs” around the case, and better hotel security may simply have meant that more people died on the beach instead.
As the packed courtroom watched in silence he said the only factor that may have made a material difference was if the hotel had armed guards. But the coroner said: “Having reviewed the legal advice on gun law in Tunisia it’s clear this was not a realistic option.As the packed courtroom watched in silence he said the only factor that may have made a material difference was if the hotel had armed guards. But the coroner said: “Having reviewed the legal advice on gun law in Tunisia it’s clear this was not a realistic option.
“The simple but tragic truth in this case is that a gunman armed with a gun and grenades went to that hotel intending to kill as many tourists as he could.”“The simple but tragic truth in this case is that a gunman armed with a gun and grenades went to that hotel intending to kill as many tourists as he could.”
The judge said although in general the response of the hotel staff was “disorganised and chaotic”, some of them displayed “conspicuous personal courage” in their efforts to protect the guests. He said that guests had displayed the same courage.The judge said although in general the response of the hotel staff was “disorganised and chaotic”, some of them displayed “conspicuous personal courage” in their efforts to protect the guests. He said that guests had displayed the same courage.
But he painted a different picture of the response of police and military, including the guard who took off his shirt to hide the fact he was an officer. He said with the exception of two marine guards, no police entered the hotel grounds until the gunman had killed all 38 tourists.But he painted a different picture of the response of police and military, including the guard who took off his shirt to hide the fact he was an officer. He said with the exception of two marine guards, no police entered the hotel grounds until the gunman had killed all 38 tourists.
The judge also referred to a unit that stopped off to pick up more weapons instead of going straight to the scene. “They had everything they required to confront the gunman and could have been at the scene within minutes,” he said, adding: “The delay was deliberate and unjustifiable.”The judge also referred to a unit that stopped off to pick up more weapons instead of going straight to the scene. “They had everything they required to confront the gunman and could have been at the scene within minutes,” he said, adding: “The delay was deliberate and unjustifiable.”
In a statement issued at the close of the inquest, Andrew Ritchie QC, who represented the families, acknowledged that the law restricted the coroner’s ability to ascribe blame and said that the families had found that structure “both helpful and frustrating”. He added that the families would now be considering claims against Tui for damages. In a statement issued at the close of the inquest, Andrew Ritchie QC, who represented the families, acknowledged that the law restricted the coroner’s ability to ascribe blame and said that the families had found that structure “both helpful and frustrating”.
The inquest, which opened at the Royal Courts of Justice in London seven weeks ago, heard emotional and graphic evidence from survivors and relatives of victims. The inquest, held at the royal courts of justice in London, heard emotional and graphic evidence from survivors and relatives of victims.
The attack came three months after Islamist militants attacked the Bardo National Museum in the Tunisian capital city of Tunis. They killed 21 people – mostly European tourists – on the spot, and another victim died 10 days later. The attack came three months after Islamist militants attacked the Bardo National Museum in the Tunisian capital of Tunis. They killed 21 people – mostly European tourists – on the spot, and another victim died 10 days later.
During his summing up, the coroner found that Tui did not inform customers concerned about the Bardo attack where to find the official Foreign Office (FCO) travel advice. He referred to a scripted response to general questions and answers Tui prepared for its staff in the wake of the Bardo deaths in March 2015.During his summing up, the coroner found that Tui did not inform customers concerned about the Bardo attack where to find the official Foreign Office (FCO) travel advice. He referred to a scripted response to general questions and answers Tui prepared for its staff in the wake of the Bardo deaths in March 2015.
The coroner said: “It does not give any details of the attack but only refers to ‘the incident that took place there yesterday’. It doesn’t mention the phrase terrorism. It refers to the FCO advice but it gives no guidance as to where it’s going to be found.”The coroner said: “It does not give any details of the attack but only refers to ‘the incident that took place there yesterday’. It doesn’t mention the phrase terrorism. It refers to the FCO advice but it gives no guidance as to where it’s going to be found.”
He added: “A number of customers did believe they had been reassured to their safety and further customers would not have gone to Tunisia if they had seen the FCO travel advice.”He added: “A number of customers did believe they had been reassured to their safety and further customers would not have gone to Tunisia if they had seen the FCO travel advice.”
Speaking outside court after the case, Tui managing director Nick Longman said that the travel advice available was “what we felt was appropriate at the time” but added that the company’s approach had changed significantly since then. He apologised to the families of the victims. In a statement released after the conclusion of the inquest, Longman, who took up post as managing director of Tui UK just weeks before the attack, said: “On behalf of everyone at TUI UK, I would like to again extend our deepest sympathy. We are so very sorry for the pain and loss those affected have suffered.”
He added: “We have now heard the Coroner’s findings and his comments regarding the provision of security and visibility of travel advice. These are complex matters and we have already taken steps to raise awareness of the FCO’s Travel Aware campaign. Together with the travel industry in light of these comments we must now take some time to further reflect on these areas.”
The coroner said earlier he would take submissions over the next couple of months from the families, Tui and the FCO on recommendations for a preventing future deaths report.The coroner said earlier he would take submissions over the next couple of months from the families, Tui and the FCO on recommendations for a preventing future deaths report.
The coroner has powers to produce a report for the government with suggestions for changes in law to prevent future deaths from occurring. Loraine-Smith said he had not decided whether a report was appropriate. The coroner has powers to produce a report for the government with suggestions for changes in law to prevent future deaths from occurring. Loraine-Smith said he had not decided whether a report was appropriate but would take submissions.