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Trump's executive order: Who does travel ban affect? Trump's executive order: Who does travel ban affect?
(2 days later)
On 27 January President Donald Trump signed an order halting all refugee admissions and temporarily barring people from seven Muslim-majority countries.On 27 January President Donald Trump signed an order halting all refugee admissions and temporarily barring people from seven Muslim-majority countries.
The move sparked numerous protests and legal challenges. A week later a federal judge in Seattle suspended it nationwide - allowing banned visitors to travel to the US pending an appeal by the administration. The move sparked numerous protests and legal challenges. A week later a federal judge in Seattle suspended it nationwide, allowing banned visitors to travel to the US pending an appeal by the administration.
Mr Trump and his supporters say the controversial executive order makes good on election promises to "make America great again".Mr Trump and his supporters say the controversial executive order makes good on election promises to "make America great again".
But what is the order, dubbed the "Muslim ban" by those rallying against it, and who exactly does it affect?But what is the order, dubbed the "Muslim ban" by those rallying against it, and who exactly does it affect?
Here are some key points from the full text explained.Here are some key points from the full text explained.
What is happening? What is the order?
Victims vent furyVictims vent fury
World reactionWorld reaction
Order sows seeds of panicOrder sows seeds of panic
Who is affected by the ban?Who is affected by the ban?
All travellers who have nationality of Iran, Iraq, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen are not permitted to enter the US for 90 days, or be issued an immigrant or non-immigrant visa.All travellers who have nationality of Iran, Iraq, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen are not permitted to enter the US for 90 days, or be issued an immigrant or non-immigrant visa.
People who have dual nationality with a non-restricted country are not affected, so long as they travel on the passport from the other country.People who have dual nationality with a non-restricted country are not affected, so long as they travel on the passport from the other country.
What about people with Green Cards?What about people with Green Cards?
Green Card holders are subject to the same restrictions, the US Customs and Border Protection has clarified, if they found themselves "out of the country at the time of the order's signing, or travels out of the country after the order was signed". Green Card holders are subject to the same restrictions, the US Customs and Border Protection say, if they found themselves "out of the country at the time of the order's signing, or travels out of the country after the order was signed".
They remain eligible for waivers on a case-by-case basis, however. They remained eligible for waivers on a case-by-case basis, however.
The White House Chief of Staff Reince Priebus had said holders of these cards would not be affected, although they could be subject to greater questioning at airports.The White House Chief of Staff Reince Priebus had said holders of these cards would not be affected, although they could be subject to greater questioning at airports.
What does Trump say? What did Trump say?
Mr Trump said the halt on the refugee programme was needed to give government agencies time to develop a stricter vetting system and ensure that visas were not issued to individuals posing a national security threat.Mr Trump said the halt on the refugee programme was needed to give government agencies time to develop a stricter vetting system and ensure that visas were not issued to individuals posing a national security threat.
"To be clear, this is not a Muslim ban, as the media is falsely reporting," the president said in a statement released on Facebook."To be clear, this is not a Muslim ban, as the media is falsely reporting," the president said in a statement released on Facebook.
"This is not about religion - this is about terror and keeping our country safe. There are over 40 different countries worldwide that are majority Muslim that are not affected by this order.""This is not about religion - this is about terror and keeping our country safe. There are over 40 different countries worldwide that are majority Muslim that are not affected by this order."
Trump border policy: Who's affected?
Syrians applying for resettlement in the US were already subject to a complex process of background investigation and security screenings, in a process that could take between 18 to 24 months.Syrians applying for resettlement in the US were already subject to a complex process of background investigation and security screenings, in a process that could take between 18 to 24 months.
Mr Priebus said the seven countries had been included because Congress and the Obama administration had identified them as "the most watched countries harbouring terrorists".Mr Priebus said the seven countries had been included because Congress and the Obama administration had identified them as "the most watched countries harbouring terrorists".
But is it legal? But was it legal?
The Seattle court ruling came in response to a challenge by Washington State attorney general, who argued that the executive order violated a clause in the US constitution that prohibits the favouring of one religion over another. The Seattle court ruling came in response to a challenge by the Washington State attorney general, who argued that the executive order violated a clause in the US constitution that prohibits the favouring of one religion over another.
Courts elsewhere made the same argument to challenge deportations under the ban.Courts elsewhere made the same argument to challenge deportations under the ban.
The US used to ban entrants from specific countries and entire regions. A request by Mr Trump's administration for an immediate reinstatement of the order was rejected by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals in San Francisco on Sunday.
But in 1965, the US Congress passed the Immigration and Nationality Act which said that no person could be "discriminated against in the issuance of an immigrant visa because of the person's race, sex, nationality, place of birth or place of residence". So, the exclusion of all Syrians would be enough to challenge Mr Trump in court. The fact that they are all Muslim countries lends weight to the critics's argument that the order is "anti-Muslim". Lawyers for the administration were ordered to submit a brief to justify the decision on Monday. The court is then expected to issue a ruling on the issue quickly.
Supporters of Mr Trump's order mention the post-9/11 attacks and the ability of the administration to take measures to protect national security. In a series of tweets since Friday, Mr Trump has criticised the suspension, saying the ruling came from a "so-called judge", and that the courts were "making the job very difficult!"
And they cite the president's powers stemming from a 1952 law on "Inadmissible Aliens" to "suspend the entry" of "any class of aliens" that he finds are detrimental to the interest of the US. In the past, the US used to ban entrants from specific countries and entire regions.
They also suggest that US presidents can set aside the 1965 law. The most cited example is that of President Jimmy Carter who barred some Iranians during the 1980 hostage crisis . But in 1965, the US Congress passed the Immigration and Nationality Act which said that no person could be "discriminated against in the issuance of an immigrant visa because of the person's race, sex, nationality, place of birth or place of residence".
How was it implemented? So, the exclusion of all Syrians would be enough to challenge Mr Trump in court. The fact that they are all Muslim countries lends weight to the critics's argument that the order is "anti-Muslim".
Supporters of Mr Trump's order mentioned the post-9/11 attacks and the ability of the administration to take measures to protect national security.
And they cited the president's powers stemming from a 1952 law on "Inadmissible Aliens" to "suspend the entry" of "any class of aliens" that he finds are detrimental to the interest of the US.
They also suggested that US presidents can set aside the 1965 law. The most cited example is that of President Jimmy Carter who barred some Iranians during the 1980 hostage crisis.
How was the order implemented?
What do critics say?What do critics say?
Rights groups say Mr Trump's order targets Muslims because of their faith and that no refugees have been convicted of terrorism-related crimes. Rights groups say Mr Trump's order targeted Muslims because of their faith and that no refugees had been convicted of terrorism-related crimes.
They also say that the most recent attacks in the US were carried out by US nationals or citizens from the countries not included in the travel ban: They also said that the most recent attacks in the US were carried out by US nationals or citizens from the countries not included in the travel ban:
While announcing the plan, Mr Trump cited the attacks of 11 September 2001. But none of the 19 hijackers who committed the attacks came from countries included in the suspension. They were from Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Egypt and Lebanon.While announcing the plan, Mr Trump cited the attacks of 11 September 2001. But none of the 19 hijackers who committed the attacks came from countries included in the suspension. They were from Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Egypt and Lebanon.
Some have pointed out that the list does not include countries where President Trump has business interests - like Saudi Arabia - a suggestion dismissed by the president's chief of staff as not related. Some pointed out that the list did not include countries where President Trump had business interests - like Saudi Arabia - a suggestion dismissed by the president's chief of staff as not related.