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| Version 8 | Version 9 |
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| Cluster bomb ban treaty approved | Cluster bomb ban treaty approved |
| (10 minutes later) | |
| More than 100 nations have reached an agreement on a treaty which would ban current designs of cluster bombs. | More than 100 nations have reached an agreement on a treaty which would ban current designs of cluster bombs. |
| Diplomats meeting in Dublin agreed to back an international ban on the use of the controversial weapons following 10 days of talks. | Diplomats meeting in Dublin agreed to back an international ban on the use of the controversial weapons following 10 days of talks. |
| But some of the world's main producers and stockpilers - including the US, Russia and China - oppose the move. | But some of the world's main producers and stockpilers - including the US, Russia and China - oppose the move. |
| Prime Minister Gordon Brown called it a "big step forward to make the world a safer place". | Prime Minister Gordon Brown called it a "big step forward to make the world a safer place". |
| He announced earlier that Britain would be taking cluster bombs out of service. | He announced earlier that Britain would be taking cluster bombs out of service. |
| The final draft of the new convention banning cluster bombs went before delegates from a total of 109 countries on Wednesday afternoon and the deal was reached earlier than expected. | The final draft of the new convention banning cluster bombs went before delegates from a total of 109 countries on Wednesday afternoon and the deal was reached earlier than expected. |
| Thomas Nash, from campaign group the Cluster Munition Coalition, said: "This is an incredibly positive document. See how a cluster bomb works | |
| "It's going to set a new norm, a new standard of international behaviour, that will say cluster munitions are unacceptable." | |
| 'Bomblets' | 'Bomblets' |
| Cluster bombs have been used in countries including Cambodia, Kosovo, Afghanistan and Lebanon. | Cluster bombs have been used in countries including Cambodia, Kosovo, Afghanistan and Lebanon. |
| They are made up of a big container which opens in mid-air, dropping hundreds of smaller individual bombs, or sub-munitions, across a wide area. | They are made up of a big container which opens in mid-air, dropping hundreds of smaller individual bombs, or sub-munitions, across a wide area. |
| These "bomblets" usually explode once they hit their target, but can fail to do so, leaving a deadly legacy as civilians return to their homes. | |
| Speaking at Downing Street earlier, Mr Brown said: "We have decided, after a great deal of discussion, that we can help break the log jam so that we can get international agreement that would ban cluster bombs. Cluster munitions are weapons that never stop killing ICRC President Jakob Kellenberger class="" href="/1/hi/uk/7407564.stm">UK seeks cluster exemption | |
| "We have decided we will take all our types of cluster bombs out of service." | |
| The BBC's Paul Adams said he understood the agreement would effectively outlaw the two cluster munitions currently held by UK forces, but would not prevent countries from developing future generations of weapons based on the concept of sub-munitions. | The BBC's Paul Adams said he understood the agreement would effectively outlaw the two cluster munitions currently held by UK forces, but would not prevent countries from developing future generations of weapons based on the concept of sub-munitions. |
| He said it appeared the UK hoped to draw up a deal which other countries not present in Dublin, notably the US, might be persuaded to accept later. | |
| Using British soil | Using British soil |
| One stumbling block for the treaty could be the stockpile of cluster munitions the US military keeps at bases on British soil. | |
| The British representative in Dublin, John Duncan, said the UK would work with Washington to find a solution to the issue. | The British representative in Dublin, John Duncan, said the UK would work with Washington to find a solution to the issue. |
| The ban also has the support of many humanitarian organisations. | The ban also has the support of many humanitarian organisations. |
| Marc Garlasco, of Human Rights Watch, said even countries that had not made the commitment would be affected. | |
| He referred to the mine ban treaty of 1997 that was never signed by the United States, Israel, Russia or China, yet those nations have not used landmines since it came into effect, he said. | He referred to the mine ban treaty of 1997 that was never signed by the United States, Israel, Russia or China, yet those nations have not used landmines since it came into effect, he said. |
| "By stigmatising a weapon you're causing nations not to use it and that's exactly what's going to happen here." | "By stigmatising a weapon you're causing nations not to use it and that's exactly what's going to happen here." |
| Anna MacDonald, from Oxfam which has campaigned against cluster bombs, said: "They've agreed a very strong treaty that will completely ban the production, the use, the stockpiling and transfer of all cluster munitions." | Anna MacDonald, from Oxfam which has campaigned against cluster bombs, said: "They've agreed a very strong treaty that will completely ban the production, the use, the stockpiling and transfer of all cluster munitions." |
| Jakob Kellenberger, president of the International Committee of the Red Cross, said: "Cluster munitions are weapons that never stop killing." | Jakob Kellenberger, president of the International Committee of the Red Cross, said: "Cluster munitions are weapons that never stop killing." |
| But countries like the US, India, Pakistan and Israel claim such munitions can be highly useful on the battlefield and want to see the treaty watered down. | But countries like the US, India, Pakistan and Israel claim such munitions can be highly useful on the battlefield and want to see the treaty watered down. |
| HOW A CLUSTER BOMB WORKS 1. The cluster bomb, in this case a CBU-87, is dropped from a plane and can fly about nine miles before releasing its load of about 200 bomblets.2. The canister starts to spin and opens at an altitude between 1,000m and 100m, spraying the bomblets across a wide area.3. Each bomblet is the size of a soft drink can and contains hundreds of metal pieces. When it explodes, it can cause deadly injuries up to 25m away. | HOW A CLUSTER BOMB WORKS 1. The cluster bomb, in this case a CBU-87, is dropped from a plane and can fly about nine miles before releasing its load of about 200 bomblets.2. The canister starts to spin and opens at an altitude between 1,000m and 100m, spraying the bomblets across a wide area.3. Each bomblet is the size of a soft drink can and contains hundreds of metal pieces. When it explodes, it can cause deadly injuries up to 25m away. |
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