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| European Union Plans Aid Package to Help Trapped Migrants | European Union Plans Aid Package to Help Trapped Migrants |
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| BRUSSELS — The European Union has paid for humanitarian missions in Iraq, South Sudan and Syria in the past decade. On Wednesday, for the first time, it agreed on an emergency aid package to alleviate large-scale suffering inside its borders. | BRUSSELS — The European Union has paid for humanitarian missions in Iraq, South Sudan and Syria in the past decade. On Wednesday, for the first time, it agreed on an emergency aid package to alleviate large-scale suffering inside its borders. |
| The spending proposal — 700 million euros, or about $760 million, which the bloc’s member governments have yet to approve — is intended to help tens of thousands of migrants trapped in Greece and, if needed, in other countries on the front lines of the migration crisis, such as Bulgaria and Italy. The proposal was announced by the European Commission, the executive arm of the European Union, and it requires the approval of a majority of governments. | The spending proposal — 700 million euros, or about $760 million, which the bloc’s member governments have yet to approve — is intended to help tens of thousands of migrants trapped in Greece and, if needed, in other countries on the front lines of the migration crisis, such as Bulgaria and Italy. The proposal was announced by the European Commission, the executive arm of the European Union, and it requires the approval of a majority of governments. |
| Thousands of people continue to reach Greece every day, most of them via Turkey, only to find themselves blocked from traveling on to countries like Germany and Sweden, where most of them want to claim asylum. | Thousands of people continue to reach Greece every day, most of them via Turkey, only to find themselves blocked from traveling on to countries like Germany and Sweden, where most of them want to claim asylum. |
| Their onward journeys have been halted by countries like Macedonia, which has imposed tougher border controls and where violence has erupted in recent days as armed police officers confront the migrants who are seeking to cross the country on the way to richer nations in the north. | Their onward journeys have been halted by countries like Macedonia, which has imposed tougher border controls and where violence has erupted in recent days as armed police officers confront the migrants who are seeking to cross the country on the way to richer nations in the north. |
| About 9,000 migrants have thronged along the Greek-Macedonian border, according to monitoring groups, and camps and refugee housing in Athens are full — or nearly so. | About 9,000 migrants have thronged along the Greek-Macedonian border, according to monitoring groups, and camps and refugee housing in Athens are full — or nearly so. |
| With the weather turning warmer and the sea crossing from Turkey to Greece becoming more navigable, the number of migrants making the trip is expected to rise in coming weeks, putting even more pressure on Greece, which could become a giant holding center for migrants who cannot go forward because of the new border restrictions, but who will not or cannot go back. | |
| Greece risks becoming a “new Lebanon for Europe, a warehouse of souls,” Ioannis Mouzalas, a Greek minister for immigration policy, warned last week at a meeting in Brussels of the European Union’s interior ministers. | |
| Normally, the bloc reserves humanitarian aid from its budget to spend on things like tents and food in poorer parts of the world that are struck by natural disasters or conflicts. Yet the number of migrants reaching Greece has forced Europe to adapt its aid policies to try to avert a catastrophe on the Continent. | |
| The number of migrants arriving in Greece in January was about 68,000, or 38 times higher than a year earlier, according to Frontex, the bloc’s border control agency. | |
| Approximately 108,000 migrants arrived on the Greek islands in the first two months of the year, Frontex said. | Approximately 108,000 migrants arrived on the Greek islands in the first two months of the year, Frontex said. |
| “No time can be lost in deploying all means possible to prevent humanitarian suffering within our own borders,” Christos Stylianides, the European commissioner for humanitarian aid and crisis management, said in a statement before a news conference on Wednesday. The “proposal will make €700 million available to provide help where it is most needed,” he said. | “No time can be lost in deploying all means possible to prevent humanitarian suffering within our own borders,” Christos Stylianides, the European commissioner for humanitarian aid and crisis management, said in a statement before a news conference on Wednesday. The “proposal will make €700 million available to provide help where it is most needed,” he said. |
| The so-called Emergency Assistance Instrument would allow for a faster, more targeted response to major crises, including helping member states cope with large numbers of refugees, according to the commission. | The so-called Emergency Assistance Instrument would allow for a faster, more targeted response to major crises, including helping member states cope with large numbers of refugees, according to the commission. |
| The money, to be disbursed over the next three years, would go to organizations such as United Nations agencies and aid groups, the commission said. The program would be structured so that existing humanitarian aid programs outside the bloc would not lose funding, it said. | The money, to be disbursed over the next three years, would go to organizations such as United Nations agencies and aid groups, the commission said. The program would be structured so that existing humanitarian aid programs outside the bloc would not lose funding, it said. |
| At least initially, a majority of the funding is expected to go to help the situation in Greece, and the move highlights the uncertain future for that country, where a debt crisis that began six years ago threatened to sink the euro, the European Union’s flagship economic project. | At least initially, a majority of the funding is expected to go to help the situation in Greece, and the move highlights the uncertain future for that country, where a debt crisis that began six years ago threatened to sink the euro, the European Union’s flagship economic project. |
| Like the crisis over migration, the euro crisis became a battle over how to keep the Continent unified in the face of severe challenges in nations such as Greece and Cyprus on the bloc’s periphery. Yet the migration crisis has rapidly developed into an even more severe test of the unity of the European Union. | Like the crisis over migration, the euro crisis became a battle over how to keep the Continent unified in the face of severe challenges in nations such as Greece and Cyprus on the bloc’s periphery. Yet the migration crisis has rapidly developed into an even more severe test of the unity of the European Union. |
| The German chancellor, Angela Merkel, who helped steer the bloc through the euro crisis, is under acute political pressure at home to abandon her policy of relieving the pressure on Greece by welcoming migrants to Germany. | The German chancellor, Angela Merkel, who helped steer the bloc through the euro crisis, is under acute political pressure at home to abandon her policy of relieving the pressure on Greece by welcoming migrants to Germany. |
| Other European Union members, like the Czech Republic and Hungary, have balked at plans to relocate migrants from Greece inside their borders, while Austria and Belgium are among those in the Schengen area, a region of largely passport-free travel, to have reimposed border controls. | |
| The crisis also has a geopolitical dimension that has led to stark warnings about the potential consequences for the European Union if the war in Syria, where Russia is supporting the government of President Bashar al-Assad, cannot be tamped down. | The crisis also has a geopolitical dimension that has led to stark warnings about the potential consequences for the European Union if the war in Syria, where Russia is supporting the government of President Bashar al-Assad, cannot be tamped down. |
| On Tuesday, the top NATO commander in Europe, Gen. Philip M. Breedlove of the United States Air Force, warned lawmakers that Russia and the Assad government were “deliberately weaponizing migration in an attempt to overwhelm European structures and break European resolve.” | On Tuesday, the top NATO commander in Europe, Gen. Philip M. Breedlove of the United States Air Force, warned lawmakers that Russia and the Assad government were “deliberately weaponizing migration in an attempt to overwhelm European structures and break European resolve.” |
| General Breedlove, addressing the Senate Armed Services Committee, suggested that the Islamic State, also known as ISIS or ISIL, was taking advantage of the crisis to infiltrate the migrants “like a cancer,” and to threaten Europe and the United States. |